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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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substance abuse
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use of a drug, be self-administration, that does not conform to medical or social norms w/i client's given culture or society
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addiction
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an overwhelming feeling that drives someone to repeat drug-taking behavior, despite serious health & social consequences
usually considered a neurobiological problem closely related to pt's psychological state & social setting |
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physical dependence
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altered physical condition caused by nervous system adapting to repeated drug use
over time, body's cells are tricked into believing they are 'normal' in presence of drug withdrawal produces signs of physical discomfort |
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psychological dependence
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user has an intense desire to continue drug use despite negative economic, physical, or social consequences
NO signs of physical discomfort w/withdrawal |
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classic withdrawal
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occurs when pt becomes physically addicted to substance & it is discontinued
severity depends on drug, length of use, & pt |
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conditioned withdrawal
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occurs when pt associates conditions & surroundings (including company of other users) w/taking of drug
users tend to revert back to drug-seeking behavior when returning to company of other substance abusers |
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tolerance
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individual adapts to drug over period of time
pt requires higher & higher doeses to produce same effect as initially experienced |
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cirrhosis
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failure of liver to perform its vital functions resulting in abnormalities in blood clotting & nutritional deficiencies
debilitating & often fatal causes pt to become very sensitive to effects of drugs |
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tetrahydroccanbinol (THC)
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active ingrediant in marijuana
effects include: slows motor activity - decreases coordination - disconnected thought - paranoia - euphoria - increased thirst & craving for food - red/bloodshot eyes accumulates in reproductive tissues (particularly gonads) |
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psychodelics
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hallucinogens w/ability to produce altered,dream-like state of consciousness
tolerance may occur, but little or not dependence is observed |
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reticular formation
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part of the brain in which norepinephrine affects awareness & wakefulness
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opioids
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include natural substances from unripe seeds of poppy plant
prescribed for severe pain, persistent cough, & diarrhea AKA narcotics physiological s/s include constricted pupils , increase in pain threshold, & respiratory depression |
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Immunity is a condition in which progressively higher doses of the drug are required in order to produce the same effect.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
TOLERANCE is a condition whereby an individual adapts to a drug over a period of time, such that higher and higher doses of the drug are required in order to produce the same initial effect. p55 |
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Most abused CNS depressants are either controlled or illegal.
TRUE or FALSE |
FALSE
Although the majority of the drugs in this group are legal, many are controlled due to their abuse potential. p61 |
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Which of the following statements about addiction is NOT CORRECT?
a. Addiction is most likely a neurobiological problem linked closely to the client's psychological state and social setting. b. In some cases, addiction may begin with the client's medical need for the treatment of an illness. c. The therapeutic use of narcotics and sedatives creates large numbers of addicted clients. d. Attempts to predict a client's addictive tendency using psychological profiles or genetic markers have largely been unsuccessful. |
c. The therapeutic use of narcotics and sedatives creates large numbers of addicted clients.
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A drug once used for bronchodilation that has been discontinued because of psychotic episodes in some clients is:
a. cocaine b. phencyclidine c. LSD d. amphetamine |
d. amphetamine
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Despite their potential to cause dependence, opioids are often used for pain relief because they:
a. help the client sleep b. can be taken once a day c. are more efficacious than other analgesics d. produce less withdrawal than other addictive drugs |
c. are more efficacious than other analgesics
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When a person has an overwhelming desire to take a drug and cannot stop, this is directly referred to as:
a. addiction b. dependence c. tolerance d. withdrawal |
b. dependence
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The sleep disorder drug for which clients often fake or change prescriptions is:
a. amphetamines b. barbiturates c. benzodiazepines d. opioids |
b. barbiturates
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Which of the following drugs was once used as a local anesthetic?
a. amphetamine b. ketamine c. phencyclidine d. cocaine |
d. cocaine
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Conditioned withdrawal is when:
a. the drug abuser becomes used to withdrawal symptoms b. prescription drugs are used to reduce the severity of withdrawal symptoms c. users revert back to drug-seeking behavior when they return to the company of other drug abusers d. conditions lessen the possibility of relapse |
c. users revert back to drug-seeking behavior when they return to the company of other drug abusers
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When an individual adapts to a drug over a short time and requires higher and higher doses in order to produce the same effect, this is called:
a. conditioning b. withdrawal c. immunity d. tolerance |
d. tolerance
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Which of the following drugs produces the fastest onset of action?
a. ethyl alcohol b. marijuana c. caffeine d. LSD |
b. marijuana
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Nicotine:
a. is the active ingrediant in marijuana b. decreases coordination and thought processes c. affects mainly the nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems d. applied by patch helps 75% of smoking clients to remain tobacco free |
c. affects mainly the nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems
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The prototype for the class of hallucinogens is:
a. MDA b. DOM c. psilocybin d. LSD |
d. LSD
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Which of the following is found in the peyote cactus?
a. MDMA b. DOM c. Mescaline d. MDA |
c. Mescaline
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