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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the worldview of the Clergy?
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Episcopal and "Papa", Archbishops, bishops, priests
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What are 4 of the names/ roles for the pope?
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Vicar of Christ, Universal Bishop, Supreme Judge, Supreme Temporal Judge
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What security does the clergy have?
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Priests cannot be taxed, can only be tried in the church court, and cannot be removed from their positions
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What does the popular doctrine for Lay people stress?
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A Miracle, An accessible miracle, the sacrifice of christ for ME at this VERY moment
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Describe the two types of knowledge
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Supernatural- only from scripture (special revelation)
Natural- from sense experience and reason |
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What is the Quaestio method?
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it takes arguments from both sides and the solution is provided from taking the best of the rejected arguments
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What is the nature of reality for the clergy?
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they think human society is meant to be a single, unified, perfect reflection of the divine order
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What is the nature of reality for the lay people?
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life is uncertain and the supernatural can break into everyday life at any time (black plague)
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How do the clergy know?
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through the pope, who speaks for christ on earth
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how do the lay people know?
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through truth through the church and supernatural events
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The medieval church emphasized what paradigm?
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Christ above culture
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Who did the state consist of?
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emperors, knights, warlords, feudal systems
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What is the difference between an empire and a state?
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An empire is an extensive organization that s under the control of a single organization or individual and a state is a stable community of people with territory, culture, language, etc.
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What are the 7 sacraments for catholics?
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Eucharist (transubstantiation), baptism, confirmation, penance, marriage, holy orders, extreme unction
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What is investiture?
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the process of appointing new ecclesiastical officers
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What is simony?
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The buying and selling of ecclesiastical offices and services
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What is Pope Innocent III's best thing?
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the Fransciscan order, 4th lateran council
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What does "off the ship" and "on the ship" mean?
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on the ship is the giant ship of salvation for all the church members and its the place they sit at in church, off the ship is people who are excommunicated
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What is purgatory?
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going after death enough to get cleaned up to get into heaven
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What did Pope Gregory IX do to combat the heresy?
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he introduced the inquisition and pope innocent IV liscensed the use of torture in it
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What is the nature of reality for the medieval church?
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they view god as the supreme creator made known through his son christ, and who acts out his will through the church established through peter, which is now led by the pope and hierarchy of clergy all the way down to the bishops.
God and his authority are above the state and culture. |
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How do the humans know what they know about reality?
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Grant authority to the church to tell all truths.. dont question the nature of society as it is irrelevant when compared to the church which is stands above, the experience of the black plague will cause me to question all that i once knew
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The pope enforces rules through what?
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excommunication
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What is the nature of reality for the medieval church?
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humans allow gods love to be shown by us doing the works the church wants done in culture (i.e. killing a jew, muslim, E.O. Christian, etc)
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How should the medieval church act in response to reality?
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kingdom of god is good when people obey the laws and traditions of the church, the pope is the final say in truth, humanity agrees with this mostly until the black plague
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What are the two meanings of humanism?
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Historical which is the philosophical and literary movement that began in italy in the 14th century.
General which is any philosophy that emphasizes the value and dignity of humans. |
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What is classical humanism?
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a return to the greek emphasis on human accomplishment and potential
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Who are 3 important renaissance figures?
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Erasmus (questioned some of the scholastics, was a wise man who kept the classical letters of the christian faith) , Michaelangelo (painter, sculptor, architect believed in christian neoplatonic humanism (perfection of beauty somewhere)), Tyndale (made english translations of the bible even though church banned it.....it foreshadowed the authority of church vs authority of state idea)
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What is the worldview of the renaissance people?
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god is transcendant yet immanent, humans are wise and capable, and this world gains new value
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How do the renaissance people know?
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source of authority moved from church to scripture because of the amount of bibles in english , also the amount of science and exploration
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What are the two meanings of humanism?
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Historical- the philosophical and literary movement that began in italy in the 14th century
General- any philosophy that emphasizes the value and dignity of humans |
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What is classical humanism?
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a return to the greek emphasis on human accomplishments and potential
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Name 3 important renaissance figures
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Erasmus (very wise man, questioned some of the scholastics, kept the christian faith), Tyndale (made the bible into the english language even though the church banned it, it foreshadowed the authority of the church vs the authority of the scripture) Michaelangelo (painter, sculptor, architect, and blieved there was perfection in beauty somewhere (neoplatonic humanism))
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How did the renaissance people view god the world and humans?
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god was immanent yet transcendent, humans are wise and capable, and this world gains new value
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How do the renaissance people know?
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the source of authority is changing from the church to the scripture
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How should the renaissance people act in response?
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by following the laws and traditions and the highest goal is heaven, humans are capable of using their minds
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Describe Martin Luther
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devoted catholic until 1517, wrote the 95 thesis, originally went to school to be a lawyer
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What is Martin Luthers revelation
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Luther is mad that the church believes only righteous had faith...a righteous god punishes sinners, and that sinners by definition could never be righteous therefore could never have faith.
therefore he thinks that righteousness was based on faith in god not faith availible to those who are righteous...god gives you faith that is what makes you righteous |
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How did luther view indulgences?
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he though that salvation was based by grace alone and that you cant be saved by indulgences
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What did the 95 thesis contradict?
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indulgences, and that righteousness was not based on works or merits but in christs sacrifice
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What are the 4 solas and their significance
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Sola gratia (grace alone, it is what we are given by god) Sola fide (faith alone which is how we get it) Sola scriptura (scripture/bible alone how we learn about it) and Solus Christus (christ alone, he is the final authority and not the pope)
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Who takes over the protestant movement?
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John Calvin who is quiet shy and doesnt seek leadership, not like luther, lawyer and humanist
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Describe Calvins movement
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the job of the pastor is to take the word of god and study it and then convey it to the people, believed in simple worship (NO ICONS), if elders messed up they were brought to the church for correction not kicked out, and they do not answer to the authority of rome
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aka what about the church offices, worship and authority
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What is John Calvin an example of?
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Christ in Culture, caring for refugees, feeding poor, etc.
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Christ in what?
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Ecuemenism what is it?
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Dialogue with other european movements including roman catholics. He wanted to reform the church through scripture.
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How does Calvin view the nature of reality? (God humanity and the world)
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Mysterious, unknowable without special revelation (innate) and he is transcendant, CANNOT be reduced to an icon
everyone is made in gods image and thus can do good things Humanity- we cannot save ourselves we mess everything up therefore salvation has to come through gods grace. Sanctification comes throught suffering and self denial. |
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How do humans know about this reality? (Calvin followers)
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through general (love, human nature, world) and special (scripture) revelation
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How should humans react to this? (Calvin followers)
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progress in faith, practice moderation, law as a guide, improve the world, value people, and Gods sovereignty (through gods sovereignty and his grace) because we are incapable of making the choices ourselves
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What type of Polity do Lutherans believe in?
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Episcopal which is hierarchical with bishops archbishops and etc.
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What type does the Reformed believe in?
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Presbyterian which is where local congregations elect elders to govern the church.
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What do both the lutheran's and the reformed's have in common?
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they allow for baptism of infants of believing parents or adult believers.
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What do the lutherans believe about communion
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effects the forgiveness of sins, grace is offered through baptism, which means that christ is MYSTERIOUSLY attatched to the bread and wine
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What do the Reformed believe about communion?
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It is just bread and wine but god is SPIRITUALLY present
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Who views Christ and Culture in Paradox?
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Lutheran
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Who views Christ Transforming culture?
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reformed
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What are the 7 tenets of Scheitheim?
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Baptism, Banishment, Communion, Isolation, Pastors, pacifism, oaths
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What is a sacrament?
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A ritual that is a mysterious enounter between humans and god
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How many tenets are ther for the protestants?
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only two rather than seven. Baptism and Communion
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What is an ordinance?
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a rule or law that should be followed (do this in remembrance, believe and be baptized)
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Who views Christ against culture?
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Radicals (anabaptists)
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Who was Thomas Muntzer?
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a radical leader who challenged luthers ideas and practices, believed that luther made christian faith too easy, a wayward lutheran
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what does anabaptist mean?
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ana is from the greek meaning "again" thus the name is baptize again
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What is the nature of reality for the Anabaptists?
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god is independent of the state and its institutions, god through christ makes it possible for a persons redemption, repentance, god reveals himself through the holy spirit
humans are either pagans or believers |
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Who are the 4 anglicans during the reformation?
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Henry VIII catholic, Edward VI protestant, Mary I Catholic, Elizabeth I protestant
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Who are two key reformers during the presbyterian and scottish reformation?
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Patrick Hamilton, John Knox
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How was the worship environment changed?
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no more stained glass to iconoclasm
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how was the worship style changed?
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from latin mass to english/scottish mass
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how did the music change?
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from latin hmyns to metrical psalms from instrumental accompaniment to a cappella singing
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how did prayer change?
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from read/recited to extemporaneous
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