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What are macromolecules and what are they made up of?
Large molecules. They are made up of smaller repeating units called monomers.
What kind of chemical reaction is required to join monomers together to form macromolecules?
It is called dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction. This means water is removed.
What feature shared by all functional groups affects their solubility?
The functional groups are all hydrophilic (attracted to water). This increases the solubility of the molecules that contain these functional groups.
What are the four macromolecules of life?
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
How are the four macromolecules of life formed?
They are formed using dehydration synthesis reactions and are broken apart using hydrolysis reactions.
How many groups are carbohydrates classified in and what are they?
Three.
1. Monosaccharides
2. Oligosaccharides
3. Polysaccharides
How many types of monosaccharide are there? And what are they?
Two.
1. Aldoses
2. Ketoses
How many types of polysaccharides are there and what are they?
Four types.
1. Starch
2. Glycogen
3. Cellulose
4. Chitin
What are the 4 main families if lipids?
1. Fats
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids
4. Waxes
What are the 5 nitrogenous bases?
1. Adenine (A)
2. Guanine (G)
3. Cytosine (C)
4. Thymine (T)
5. Uracil (U)
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