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Epidemiology of thyroid nodules
50% are a large nodule in a multinodular goitre
50% are true solitary nodules, of which: -
80% are adenomas
10% are malignant
10% are other (cyst, fibrosis, thyroiditis)
Investigations for thyroid nodules
USS - is it truly solitary, part of a goitre, or a cyst?
Cannot determine if benign or malignant
FNAC - from centre is more likely to yield necrosis or haemorrhage
Isotope scan - if clinical or biochemical evidence of thyrotoxicosis; "hot" or "cold" nodule
"Hot" and "cold" nodules
Hot - benign
Cold - may be neoplastic
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