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The Soviet model of industrialisation, but especially the Stalinist focus on the centralisation of heavy industry.
- To catch up with the rest of the world with industrial production
- A high rate of growth, particularly in heavy industry
- Investment in advanced technology
- The construction of modern industrial plants
- Self-sufficiency
- A very high level of grain procurement at fixed prices to fund the industrialisation of cities
- To stimulate the transformation towards a socialist society
- The annual growth rate averaged 16%
- Heavy industrial output nearly tripled
- Railway freight volume more than doubled
- The industrial working class grew from 6 million to 10 million
- By 1956, private sector industry had been abolished
- The standard of living of industrial workers improved
- With greater urbanisation, the CCP could heighten its influence over the population
What were some of the failures of the plan?
- The plan was dependent on loans from the USSR which had very high interest rates
- The loans meant farmers were forced to sell crops to the state at artificially low prices
- Agricultural output grew at 2.1% per year - a sharp decline from 14.1% 1949-52
- The supply of consumer goods was very low
- The Chinese lacked organisational and management experience
- There was little investment in healthcare or education
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