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Restraint theory
Herman and Mack (1975) attempt explain causes and consequences of restricting food intake
Actually increases probability of eating
Probability of eating
Preload and Ice cream
Herman and Mack test theory- counter regulatory eating
Gave Pps 0,1,2 preload milkshakes
Given unlimited ice cream after
0 milkshake - controlled ice cream
1 milkshake - dieters/nondieters eat same amount
2 milkshake - dieters uncontrolled ice cream intake went over diet
"What the hell effect"
What the hell effect
"What the hell" effect
A.ka. Boundary model Herman and Polivy
Restricting food intake - increase gap hunger and fullness dieters
Dieters create artificial low boundary food intake
Dieters-no preload eat till boundary
If boundary crossed tend to eat till satisfied, diet ruined
Artificial boundary
Pizza and Food cues
Fedoroff et al (1997) food cues e.g pizza vs no food cues
No cues - no difference in pizza intake between non dieters/dieters
Food cues - dieters eat more than non dieters
Food cues alone takes dieters into "What the hell" effect
Food cues vs No cues
Other reasons for "what the hell effect"
Hetherton et al (1991) - other factors can trigger "WTH" effect other than food cues
Stress,anxiety and upset in public speaking situation, electric shock, impossible task to complete
Offered unlimited ice cream =overeat
Stress, anxiety, upset accompanied diet to trigger "WTH" effect
Stress,anxiety,upse
IDA 5:2 Diet
5:2 diet help to avoid "WTH effect"
Diet minimises stress,anxiety or upset may more successful to avoid trigger "WTH" effect
5:2 - 5 restricting days 2 non restricting days
Reduced stress from no restricting all the time higher success rate at weight loss
Reduce stress
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