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social dilemma
Situations in which our self-interest conflicts with the group-interest
each individual chooses in their favor
A simple 2-person prototype of a social dilemma is the prisoner’s dilemma
prosoners dilemmas
shows that acting independently isn't always the best option, however working together can lead to a better outcome.
replensing(to fill smth up again) resource managment dilemma
a group has to decide how much of a reusable material can be divided a nd how much has to renew the material.(think about a grain) a group tries to find the ideal amount to divide over the group, but to also remain enough to renew
in other words
Situation in which members share a renewable resource that will continue to produce benefits if group members do not over harvest it, but in which any single individual profits from harvesting as much as possible
public group dilemma
the sitoation in which the whole group profits of certain collective goods, provided that some individuals will invest in those collective goods.
the problem is that if no one invests , those goods or services will dissapear
Situation in which
1. The whole group can benefit if some of the individuals give something for the common good, but
2. Individuals profit from“free riding” if enough others contribute "_
free-rider problem
there will be people using a good or service without paying for it or without helping in maintaining those goods or services
2 goals of groups of people make the basis of global dilemmas
-desire for enough comfort and goods, or desire for direct satisfaction
-desire to protect and defend ourselves and the people we care for
social traps
the desire for satisfaction on short term can lead to long-term problems. a social trap is a situation in which a certain choice leads to direct reward, but leads to undesirable consequences for an individual or group on a long term.
Situations in which individuals or groups aim for direct satisfaction, which has negative consequences on the long-term (John Platt, 1973
Situation in which individuals or groups are drawn toward immediate rewards that later prove to have unpleasant or lethal consequences à Problem: Ignorance of long-term consequences
solutions of social dilemmas
-structural (Give sanctions• Appoint a leader..)
-strategic
(Reciprocity (Axelrod): Tit for tat
• Don’t be envious
• Don’t be first to defect
• Reciprocate both defection and cooperation
• Don’t be too clever!)
-motivational
1.Transformations: social value orientation
2.Communication
3.Identification with the group
sliding reinforcers
is something that when used in small amounts , causes benefits , but when used in big amounts , causes negative consequences.
for example cars at the beginning were in a small amount...
Stimulust hat brings rewards when used in small doses, but punishments when used in large doses
selfish versus pro-socially orientated
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