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irish famine
-period of mass starvation, disease and emigration in Ireland between 1845 and 1852
edwin chadwick
- as secretary of poor law commission, he searched for facts of living conditions
-summarized results in Report on the condition of the labouring population of great britian published in 1842
-wanted to reform in advocating the modern sanitary system
-effect:(6 years later) britian published their first national board of health to establishthe modern sanitary system
-middle class supported due tot the spread od cholera
pauper apprentices
-children of paupers who were bound out by the local parish overseers and churchwardens
- serve in the factories of the industrial revolution
unions
-formed by skilled workers in different industries
-1. preserve their own workers position by limiting entry to their trade
-2. gain benifets from the employers
- 1820s they focused on union movement towards the national uion
robert owens
-social reformer
-beleived in the creation of voluntary associations that demonstrate other benifits cooperative rather than competitive living
-his ideas appealed to other leaders
-leader of Grand national consolidated trades union in febuary 1834
-PURPOSE: coodinate a strike for eight hour work day
luddites
-skilled craftman in midland and northern england
-attacked machines in 1812
-pople who tried to get rid of the machines
-why: believed that machine cuased the bad situation for the lower classes
chartism`
-a movement of british workers to improve their condition developed
-firs important political movement of working men organized during the 19th century
-main aim was to acheive political democracy
-tried for change through peaceful, constitutional mean while combated with threat of force
-utter failure but not, showed how a froup a people have the pwer to organize to a sense of working consiousness
factory acts
-passed in 1802 and 1819which limited labor fr children 9-16 yrs old to 12 hours a day
-work for children under 9 was forbidden
-kids were to recieve reading arthmetic during work hours (only for cottn mill workers)
-textie: ages 9-13 8 hours a day and ages 13-18 12 hours a day
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