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Who Was James Byrd Jr. & What happened to him in Jasper, Tx?
* 49 yr old Black Man
* Chained to the back of a pick up and dragged to his death
What is a Hate Crime?
A person is victimized because a perpetrator has a bias against specific individual characteristics
Federal legislation pertaining to hate crimes
How is a hate crime classified and by who?
Law enforcement has to use their judgement
- protected class
- evidence demonstrating:
- hate speech
- hate symbols
- timing of incident
- previous history of hate crimes
- member of an organized hate group
- hate crime incidents at or around location of current incident
- absence of other obvious motivations
Characteristics of Victims of Hate Crimes
* Young
* Separated/divorced or never married
* Residing in urban areas
* Households with less than 25,000 total income
* LGBT Community:
- same sex couples: 1.2 to 2 times higher
risks of violence compared to their
heterosexual counterparts
- less likely to get help because of discrimination
Do rates differ across demographic groups & educational attainment?
Rates are similar
- demographic groups
- educational attainment
What are individual and community consequences of hate crime?
Individuals
- physical health consequences
- psychological outcomes
Community
- others may become fearful
- behavior modification
- increased tension
How have the police & prosecutors responded to hate crimes?
police
- record/report data on hate crime
- police compliance
- lower in communities of african
americans & Latinos
- Specialty units
- 1978 Boston, Massachusetts
[1st specialty unit]
prosecutor
- Decides to charge crime as hate-motivated
- use discretion
- clearly bias-motivated & when evidence
overtly demonstrates this bias
Who were the perpetrators of the James Byrd Jr. case?
John William King
Lawrence Russell Brewer
Shawn Allen Berry
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