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What is the backbone made of?
Sugar and Phosphates
What are the rungs made of?
Nitrogen bases
DNA replication is a ____________________ process because it makes two new DNA molecules, each with one old strand and one new strand.
semi-conservation
List the main function for each of the following types of RNA:
1. m RNA
2. r RNA
3. t RNA
mRNA: carries the code for making proteins
rRNA: Makes the Ribose
tRNA: transmit information from DNA
Summarize the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
Transcription: using DNA template to make mRNA strand
Translation: using mRNA strands to create polypeptides
DNA replication: creating two new strands from one old strand
Explain the effect of mutagens. Explain why some changes in DNA structure are inherited and some are not.
when a condon is changed and altered. Some are inherited because of past family or illness.
List the two types of frame-shift mutations and explain how their effects differ from the point mutation we discussed.
insertion: a base is added
deletion: a base is removed
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