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Naturalistic
Watching and recording behaviour in the setting with which is would normally occur.
🙂-high external validity.
☹️-lack of control,replication harder to do.
☹️-uncontrolled extraneous variables, harder to judge behaviour patterns.
Controlled
Watching and recording behaviour within a structured environment.
🙂- extraneous variables may be less of a factor, replication becomes easier.
☹️- findings are harder to apply to real life
Covert
Ppts behaviour is watched and recorded without their knowing or consent.
🙂- removes ppts reactivity as they don't know they are being watched.
☹️- ethical issues no consent.
Overt
Ppts behaviour is watched and recorded with their knowledge and consent.
🙂-more ethical.
☹️- demand characteristics
Participant
The researched becomes a member of the group whose behaviour he/she is watching and recording.
🙂- validity increased as they have a deeper insight to ppts.
☹️- researcher may become too involved.
Non participant
The researcher remains outside the group of whose behaviour he/she is watching and recording.
🙂- allows researcher to maintain an objective psychological distance.
☹️-may loss valuable insight when observing their ppts.
Pilot study
Only involves a handful of people. This is to test the procedure and check the investigation runs smoothly.
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