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Measurable physical change from increased cells is defined as ___________.
This includes height, weight, bone size, head circumference, and dentition.
Growth
Gradual changes that can be difficult to measure, including: Biologic, physiologic, personality, cognition, language.
Development
Define cephalocaudal:
Head to tail growth and development.
Example: The head grows more than the body during prenatal growth.
Define proximodistal:
Inner to outer growth and development.
Example: The brain and spinal cord develop before arms and legs do.
Define sequential trends:
Growth and development that must go in order, you must complete one level before you can move on to the next.
Example: One must sit up before they learn to walk.
Define developmental pace:
A parallel rate of growth and development. What counts is progress and consistency, each child's growth/development rate is different and that's okay.
The mastery of core conflicts in a sequential manner.
Erikson's Psychosocial Development
The first phase: Trust vs. Mistrust (Erikson) takes place during ages _________ to ________. It coincides with Freud's _______________.
Defined as?
Birth to one year; Freud's oral stage.
It's the phase where the infant will learn to trust (Example: their parent will come to them when they are crying and need them) or mistrust (Example: Parent won't respond when the young infant needs them.)
The 2nd phase: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Erikson) takes place during ages _________ to ________ during Freud's __________ stage.
1 to 3 years; Freud's anal-sphincter control stage.
Dependence creates doubt at their ability to control their own actions and feel shame that they want control-- they want independence
What particular action is big during autonomy vs. doubt?
Imitation of other objects/people, animism, they switch from intense exploration to parallel play.
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