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Zimbardo's Prison Study
- Also known as Stanford Prison Study.
- College volunteer assigned at random as inmates or guards to study the cause of conflict between inmates and prison guards.
- It was a 6 day experiment testing to see if the guards were inherently abrasive towards prisoners or if the position/role caused people to act in such way.
- Results showed that people disregard their morals and values to play whatever role they were playing.
Bystander Effect
- If many people are present to witness an incident, the less likely any individuals are to respond.
-Shows the diffusion of responsibility.
Visual Perception Study
- Conducted by Solomon Asch.
- Experiment shows 3 lines (long, medium, short) and asks which line is longer. Confederates will respond with wrong answer to see what the subject will reply.
- Results show that in a group, individuals will conform with the rest of the group. 1/3 conformed on all trials and 75% conformed at least once
Milgram's Obedience to Authority
- A series of social psychiatric experiments to test the willingness of people to perform actions against their personal conscience.
- The Shock Experiments tested subjects in several social environments where the subject would be asked by the "conductor" to "shock" a confederate against the subject's conscience. The levels of amps the subject will deliver measures how far a subject will conform.
- Results showed that most people in most of all the provided situations will conform all the way to the end.
Social Psychology
- Area of psychology that examines how an individual's thoughts, feelings, and behavior is influenced by the presence of others and vice versa.
Conformity
- Individual's behavior adheres to behavior of a group.
Factors That Effect Conformity
1. Social support (presence of an ally).
2. Attraction and commitment to group.
3. Level of previous expertise on matter.
4. Group size: conformity increases as group size increases and levels out as group size reaches 6-7 people. Afterwards, conformity decreases due to anonymity and because the plausibility of the deceptive plot fails.
Diffusion Of Responsibility
- As the number of bystanders witnessing an emergency increases, helping behavior decrease.
Kitty Genovese Incident
- An incident in 1963 that popularized the bystander effect where a woman named Kitty Genovese was stabbed to death in the presence of multiple bystanders.
Bystander Intervention
- The behavior of helping others in an emergency.
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