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What is the second stage of protein synthesis (polypeptide synthesis)?
Translation.
Where in the cell does translation occur?
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Give a basic description of what occurs during translation.
Amino acids are joined together to make a polypeptide chain (protein), following the sequence of codons carried by the mRNA.
[Part 1 of translation] Where does the mRNA strand go? What occurs there once the mRNA strand has reached its destination? Mention the enzymes involved.
The mRNA attaches itself to a ribosome and transfer (tRNA) molecules carry amino acids to the ribosome.
[Part 2 of translation] Once at the ribosome, what occurs between the mRNA strand and tRNA molecules? What is this process called?
[Part 3 of translation] What occurs after the first two codons have been paired with tRNA molecules? What enzymes are involved in this process?
[Part 4 of translation] When does this process stop? What is formed at the end of this process.
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