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Pectoralis major
Origin:
Clavicular head: Aneterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle.
Sternocostal head: Surface of the sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle.
Insertion: Lateral lip of the bicipital groove.
Adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, clavicular head flexes arm and sternocostal head extends flexed arm to side of trunk
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves.
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: Spinous process' of T7 to L5, lumbar vertebrae, crests of sacrum and ilium, inferior 4 ribs via thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Extends. adducts and medially rotates the arm at shoulder joint, Elevates vertebral column and torso.
Thoracodorsal nerve
Deltoid
Origin: Acromial extremity of the clavicle (anterior fibres), acromion (lateral fibres) and spine of scapula (posterior fibres).
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Lateral fibres abduct arm, Anterior fibres flex and medially rotate arm and posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate arm.
Axillary nerve
Subscapularis
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
Upper and lower scapular nerve.
Supraspinatus
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapular
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Assists deltoid in abducting arm at shoulder joint
suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatus
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint
Suprascapular nerve
Teres major
Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
Extends arm at shoulder joint and assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm at shoulder joint.
Lower scapular nerve.
Teres minor
Origin: Inferior lateral border of scapula
Laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint
Coracobrachialis
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Middle of medial surface of shaft of humerus
Flexes and adducts arm at shoulder joint
Musculocutaneous nerve
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