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Mitosis
Cell division that results in identical cells; used for growth and repair of organisms (2n)
Meiosis
Cell division that results in cells that have half the normal chromosomes number (haploid gametes); called reduction division (1n)
Parent cell
A diploid (pairs of homologous chromosomes) somatic cell about to enter cell division
Daughter cell
: a cell that is the product of cell division.
Mitosis- daughter cells are identical to parent cell.
Meiosis- daughter cells are not identical to parent cell.
DNA
Genetic material found contained in the nucleus in eukaryotes and loose in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes
Histones
Proteins found in chromosomes that provide scaffolding for DNA to twin around so that DNA can fit within the confines space of the nucleus.
Chromatin
Long fibres containing DNA, RNA and proteins. These fibres form chromosomes when they coil around histones.
Centromere
A 'button' that holds the two identical sister chromatids together after the S phase of interphase and through mitosis until anaphase.
Somatic cell
Name given to any of the cells of a multicellular organism
Autosomes
The 22 homologous pairs seen in a karyotype; have nothing to do with gender
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