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Causes of Schizophrenia
Biological Influences: Multiple genes that develop disease
Prenatal/birth complications: Viral infection during pregnancy/birth injury affects child's brain cells
Brain chemistry: abnormalities in dopamine/glutamate systems
Behavioral Influences: Positive symptoms- active manifestation of abnormal behavior (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech)
Negative symptoms- flat affect (lack of emotion/expression)
avolition (lack of initiative, apathy)
alogia (relative absence in amount or content of speech)
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Delusions- unrealistic and bizarre beliefs
delusions of grandeur ( very important person)
delusions of persecution ( someone out to get them)
Hallucinations- sensory events that aren't based on external event ( hearing voices, seeing things)
Disorganized Speech- jumping from topic to topic, talking illogically, unintelligible words/sentences
Behavioral Problems- pacing, wild agitation, catatonic immobility, inappropriate dress, inappropriate affect, ignore personal hygiene
Withdrawal- lack of emotional response (flat speech, little change in facial expression) Apathy (little interest day-to-day activities)
Types of Schizophrenia
Paranoid-delusions of grandeur/persecution, hallucinations, higher level of functioning
Disorganized- disorganized speech/behavior, inappropriate affect, chronic and lacking in remissions
Catatonic- alternating immobility/excited agitation, unusual motor response, odd facial/body mannerisms
Residual-1 schizophrenic episode, no longer show major symptoms
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