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Freud Psychosexual stages
1. Oral (ages 0-2)
2. Anal (ages 2-3)
3. Phallic/oedipal (ages 3-6)
4. Latency (ages 6-11)
5. Genital (ages 12-18, adolescence)
Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
1. Sensimotor thought (ages 0-2)
2. Preoperational Thought (ages 2.5- 6 or 7)
3. Concrete operations (ages 7 to 11 if achieved at all)
4. Formal operations (ages 11-18, adolescence)
Erikson's 8 Psychosocial Stages
1. Trust vs. mistrust (ages 0-1)
2. Autonomy vs. shame and guilt (2-3)
3. Initiative vs. guilt (3-6)
4. Industry vs. inferiority (6-11)
5. Identity vs. identity diffusion (12-18, adolescence)
6. Intimacy vs. isolation (18-mis 20s, young adulthood)
7. Generativity vs. self-absorption (adulthood)
8. Integrity vs. despair (maturity)
Freud Structural Theory
Three internal structures guide personality functioning
id
Seat of primitive drives and instinctual needs
id properties
Impulses (impulsive behavior)
Primary process thinking
Unconscious
Discharges tension
Pleasure principle
Ego
Mediator between drives (Id) and external reality.
Moderates conflict between drives and internalized prohibitions.
Adaptive capacity in relation to external reality.
Major functions of the ego
Reality principle
Judgement
Modulating and controlling Impulses
Modulating affect
Object relations
Regulating self esteem
Mastering developmental challenges
Superego
Seat of conscience
Ego ideal
Properties of superego
Uses internal and external rewards or punishments to control and regulate id impulses
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