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How do people measure ion channel currents.
- patch-clamp technique
- this measures single channel currents
- patch-clamp used to answerfollowing questions:
1.Howmuch current does a single channel carry?
2.Howlong does a channel stay open?
3.Whatactivates the channel?
Explain single channel currents.
- Channels alternate between open& closed states
- measurements are “microscopic currents” and measured in picoamperes = pA (10-12 A)
- In a diagram, a closed ion channel measures as a straight line
- an open channel is displayed as dips (downward deflections means current in flowing in)
- the convention for membrane current: outward flux of cations is positivecurrentards/auto-save
How is patch clamp technique usedto quantify channel conductance?
- using ohm's law: States: “current flows through aconductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it”
V =IR
- systematically change the potentialacross the cell membrane andmeasure the resulting current
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