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Mediastinum division
Superior and Inferior at sternal angle (T4/5)
Superior Mediastinum contains...
great vessels, trachea, phrenic + vagus nerves
Inferior mediastinum subdivisons + components
Anterior- lymph nodes, sternopericardial ligaments, thymus in infants
Middle- pericardium, heart, bifurcation of trachea
Posterior- Aorta, sympathetic trunk, vagus nerve, oesophagus, azygous/hemiazygous veins
Outflows of SNS/PNS
SNS- thoracolumbar- T1-L2
PNS- Craniosacral- CN 3, 7, 9, 10 + S2 - S4
Ganglia of SNS/PNS
SNS- Paravertebral (the sympathetic trunk) / Prevertebral- postganglionic fibres are long
PNS- Small ganglia close to viscera (e.g. otic/ciliary) or ganglion cells in plexus (cardiac, pulmonary)- hence postganglionic fibres are short
Transmitters used
At ganglia- ACTH for both
At postganglionic fibres
SNS- NE for most, but ACTH for sweat glands
PNS- ACTH for all
Role of CN 3
ANS to ciliary muscles and pupils
motor to extraoccular muscles
Role of CN 7
ANS to SMG, SLG, taste (special visceral sensory)
motor to muscles of facial expression
Role of CN 9
ANS to parotid gland and taste (svs)
motor to muscles of pharynx
sensory to tongue and oropharynx
Role of CN 10
ANS to lungs, heart, GIT and kidney
motor to pharynx and larynx
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