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Pollution
release of materials or energy into the environment by humans that will cause harm
Global warming(air pollution)
Causes
carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide
Damage
>ice caps melt
>increased risk of skin cancer
>droughts and famine
Control
>use fewer fossil fuel
>plant more trees
>avoid deforestation
Acid rain(air pollution)
Cause
sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides
>low ph in rivers leads to death of fis
>low pH of soil leads to leads to less photosynthesis by plants
>health problems in humans
>damage to concrete buildings
>use natural gas and low sulphur coals
>reduce effects by adding calcium carbonate to affected lakes
Carbon monoxide(air pollution)
car exhaust, gas appliances, cigarettes
>lung cancer
>bronchitis
control
>fitting catalytic converters to vehicles
>ensuring that the combustion of carbon based compounds takes place with enough oxygen present
eutrophication
nitrates and sulphates in sewage, farmyard slurry, detergents, fertilisers
damage
>increase in algae forming algal bloom
>become so numerous they use up the nutrients in the water
>the algae then die their aerobic decomposers use up so much oxygen that there is insufficient amounts left to sustain other aquatic life
>building sewage treatment works
planting vegetation along streambeds to slow erosion and absorb nutrients
>prosecution of famers and industrialist who allow large spills of organic matter into freshwater habitats
Suspended solids
domestic and industrial waste
makes water murky therefore no light can get to plants subsequently photosynthesis is prevented
Radioactivity
nuclear power stations
waste from hospitals
genetic defects
death
>seal radioactive waste above ground in containers of lead, glass or concrete
>depositing radioactive waste in sealed containers in deep underground stores
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