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Pre Knowledge
Russia was Big - Loads of supplies, big population, big army, loads of allies, hard to rule, hard to travel, lack of communication.
Tsars ruled the country since 1614 (hereditary monarchy) - avoids conflict, monarchs are trained, could be rubbish, family conflict, rule at a young age.
Autocrat someone who has complete power
84.9% serfs, 1.1% nobility
Crimean War
Russia stole Crimea from Turkey causing a war, Britain and France got involved. Russian army was defeated in 1854/1855. Crimea had ports for trade.
Consequences
Polictical system was under question, peasant uprisings, international humiliation, army equipment was out of date, trade was disrupted, relied on conscripts who were unwilling to fight, lacked modern communication, intelligentsia wanted industrialise.
Political, Social and Economic Condition 1855
Political
Russian citizens had to show devotion to the Tsar as he was chosen by God, Tsar was in charge of church, had advisors chosen by himself, army of 1.5 million (largest in the world), Russia became a police state
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