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What is a gene?
-A unit of function that controls the synthesis of at least one polypeptide or RNA
What is another name for polypeptide?
A protein
What are genes made from?
-Nucleic Acids
-Nucleic Acids are made from nucleotides
What three molecules are nucleotides made up from?
1) Sugar molecule
2) phosphate molecule
3) nitrogen containing molecule
What does RNA stand for?
ribonucleic acid
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
What components do both Prokaryote and Eukaryote genes share?
-Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have:
1) Regulation of transcription
2) regulation of translation
3) signals for termination
What components do both Prokaryote and Eukaryote genes not share?
-Eukaryotes have, within their coding region, introns and exons
-Prokaryotes do have a coding region, but no introns or exons
Why are introns removed from a eukaryote?
-Introns do not code for the phenotype
-They are removed and the DNA is transcribed to RNA
How are introns removed from a eukaryote?
-small riboproteins form a splicosome
-the splicosome brings the ends of the introns together and cuts them off
-after all introns are removed the splicosome dissassembles
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