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Psychosocial and developmental therory -
Erik Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
-Based upon the psychosocial conflicts throughout the lifespan; conflict of old age is ego integrity vs. despair
Stages:
Intimacy vs Isolation: Early adulthood
Generativity vs Stagnation: Middle age
Ego vs Despair: Older adult to frail elderly
Psychosocial and developmental therory - Butler
Retrospection and life review results in serenity, candor and wisdom
Psychosocial and developmental theory - Peck
Expanded on Erickson
-Ego differentiation vs. work role preoccupation
-Body trasndence vs. body preoccupation
-Ego trancedece vs. ego preoccupation
Psychosocial and developmental theory - Levinson's Seasons of Life
-Focus on relationship of physical changes to personality
-Individual must ultimately come to terms w/ the inevitability of death
Psychosocial and developmental theory -
Common Threads - Developmental Tasks of aging
-Adjust to decreasing physical strength and health
-Adjust to retirement and reduced income
-Adjust to death of a partner
-Establish affiliation with peers
-Adapt to social rules
-Establish satisfactory living arrangements
Physiologic theories -
Gene Theory
One or more latent harmful genes becomes activated - organism cannot survive
Error Theory
As Cell ages, proteins contain more and more errors - "killer" gene is produced
Somatic mutation theory
-Destruction of a key gene causes cells to stop dividing
-Longevity depends upon how well the cell can repair DNA
Programmed Theory
A senescence factor accumulates in cells, acts in a dominant fashion
Immunologic theory
-Imbalance of T cells, cellular immune function decreases - autoantibodies are produced
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