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Civil War
A war in which the main participants are within the same state, such as the government and a rebel group, that causes at least 1,000 battlefield deaths
- have lead to more deaths since WWII than interstate wars
How do external factors influence civil wars?
- Influence the onset, duration, and outcome of a civil conflict
- Give money, arms, training, sanctuary
Spillover effects of civil war
- Create refugee crisis
- Human rights abuses (and mental effect)
Root of all civil wars?
Some conflict of interests between the government and a subject of the population in two main sources: grievances and greed
Grievances
- Discrimination
- Subverting language or culture
- blocking access to jobs or political office
- Denying services (education, health care, infrastructure)
Greed
Desire to control more economic resources, or privileged access to jobs
Separatist
An actor that seeks to create an independent state on territory carved from an existing state. (generally happens when a group is concentrated)
An actor that seeks to detach a region from once country and attach it to another, usually because of shared ethnic or religious ties.
Three factors that explain the emergence of organized, armed opposition groups
1) Features of the group and its interests
2) Features of the country in which the group resides
3) Features of the international system that influence the possibilities for external support
Features of the group and its interests
- Religion/ideology
- Ethnic (majority of CWs, free rider issue)
- Family (danger, one goes all go)
- Money (bribes to soldiers)
- Forcible recruitment
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