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Cirrhosis
End-stage liver damage characterized by disruption of normal hepatic parenchyma by bands of fibrosis and regenerative nodules of hepatocytes
What mediates fibrosis in cirrhosis?
fibrosis is mediated by TGF-β from stellate cells which lie beneath the endothelial cells that line the sinusoids
What does portal hypertension in cirrhosis lead to?
What does decreased detoxification in cirrhosis lead to?
Decreased protein synthesis due to cirrhosis leads to?
Most common cause of liver disease in the West
Alcohol
How does alcoholic hepatitis present? (clinical + labs)
Presents with painful hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzymes (AST > ALT); may result in death
What mediates the damage in alcoholic hepatitis?
Acetaldehyde
What are the histological findings in alcoholic hepatitis?
swelling of hepatocytes with formation of Mallory bodies (damaged cytokeratin filaments), necrosis, and acute inflammation
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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