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DNA Structure
●2 Long Anti-Parallel Chains joined together by complementary Base pair rule
●Double Helix
●Stable molecule-allows genetic info to be passed down without change
●Large molecule can carry large amounts of info
●Hydrogen bonds weak allows easy separation during replication and synthesis
●Strong phosphodiester bond protection the bases which forms the code in the centre
RNA Structure
●Short polynucleotide chain
3 Types are:
-mRNA:messenger RNA - transfer genetic info from DNA to ribosome
-rRNA:ribosomal RNA - with proteins make up ribosome
-tRNA:transfer RNA - transfers specific amino a to ribosomes for protein synthesis
SEMI-CONSERVATIVE REPLICATION
●Double Helix untwisted when DNA HELICASE breaks hydrogen bonds between bases; allowing 2 strands to separate
●Both strands act as a template
●Free complementary bases pair up to exposed bases
●Phosphodiester covalent bond forms by condesation reaction between nucleotides to join sugar phosphate backbone using DNA POLYMERASE
●●NAME because 1 molecule consists of 1 conserved 'old' strand and 1 newly built strand
When a cell divides (interphase) it needs to make identical copies to form sister chromatids
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