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Test color gm - vs gm +
Gm + is purple
Gm - is red
*Structure of Cell wall
+ chemical structure is crosslink of what?
What part of wall is good target for antibiotics
Outermost component of bacteria
Distinguish gm + from gm -
Contains peptidoglycan
Crosslink of sugar (glycan) and amino acids (peptide)
b 1-4, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic
Transpeptidases crosslink peptidoglycan, and inhibited by penicillin
*Difference in gm + and gm - cell wall?
Gm + is very thick wall, LTA, WTA, has MORE CROSSLINKING, susceptible to lysozyme
Gm - is thin wall, LPS, RESISTANT to lysozyme, less susceptible to antibiotics, has outer membrane with PORINS
LPS is in gm - or gm + only?
How resistant to antibiotics?
3 parts of structure?
Gm -
Resistant to antibiotics from hydrophobic permeability barrier
O antigen, Core, Lipid A
** Antigenic differences define serotypes.
Protects bacteria from phagocytosis***
Capsule
**Antigenic (H antigen) and recognized by Toll-like receptors
hint- Endows bacteria with motility
Flagella
**Mediate specific binding to host cells and other bacteria
Specific adhesin located at its top
hint- hair like structures
What type of this cell is involved in interactions between bacteria for genetic exchange?
Fimbriae (aka Pili)
F-pili (sex pili) involved in those interactions
**Resistant to heat, cold, drying, and chemicals
Formed in response to environmental stress
Vegetative state returns when nutrients return
Spores (Endospores)
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