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colligative properties
properties depending on the concentration of a solution, but not the identity of the solute. directly proportional to the number of particles in a solution
ionic solid
made up of charged particles held together by ionic attraction
molecular solid
molecules held together through intermolecular forces
dissociation
separation of ions; occurs when an ionic compound dissolves
ionization
forming ions in water
degree of ionization
strong-ionizes completely or nearly completely
weak-barely or does not ionize
nonelectrolytes
no ions
vapor pressure lowering
nonvolatile (non-electrolyte) substance is added, raising the boiling point and lowering the freezing point
Freezing point depression
change in freezing point
boiling point elevation
change in boiling point
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