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Describe how astronomers determine the composition, temperature, and brightness of the stars.
They use a spectrograph - a device used to separate light into different colors or wavelengths. Because differentelements absorbdifferent wavelengths oflight, scientists candetermine the elementsthat make up a star bystudying its spectrum.
Describe and give examples of types of stars motions.
apparent motion- motion visible to the unaided eye, which is caused by the movement of the earth
Circumpolar Stars- Stars that are always visible in the night sky and appear to be circling the north star
Actual Motion- can rotate on an axis, revolve around one another, or move away or toward our solar system
explain the difference between absolute and apparent magnitude
apparent magnitude- the brightness of a star as seen from the earth
Absolute Magnitude- the brightness that a star would have at a distance of 32.6 light years from earth
Describe how a protostar becomes a star.
When its temperature becomes 10 mill. nuclear fusion begins and a star is born
Explain how a main sequence of a star generates energy.
Constellation
a group of stars organized in recognizable pattern
Describe 3 types of galaxies
Spiral- a star group with a nucleus of bright stars and arms containing young stars
Elliptical- a star group elongated in shape
Irregular- a star group of no particular shape, rich in dust and gas
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