term1 Definition1term2 Definition2term3 Definition3
Please sign in to your Google account to access your documents:
ENERGY - stored in the phosphate bonds which release energy when broken
- ATP is the main energy storing molecule
- GTP is similar to ATP as it also stores energy in phosphate bonds and is used for
- translation
-nuclear import
PLASMA MEMBRANE: The phospholipid are amphipathic so have a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end
PROTEINS
INTEGRAL: permanently attached to bilateral by covalent bonds to an embedded lipid
PERIPHERAL: interact with embedded protiens and also with phospholipid polar heads
PASSAGE
- PASSIVE: movement down a concentration gradient So is energetically favourable as no ATP is required. Continues until equilibrium is reached
- small and non polar molecules pass easily
-drugs are made to be lipophilic to easily get them into cells
FACILITATED: movement down a concentration gradient, energetically favourable, no ATP required, spontaneous until equilibrium is reached
- involved protein channels/carriers for hydrophilic molecules and ions
ACTIVE TRANSPORT: energetically UNfavourable as it requires ATP to go against concentration gradient
- an ATP driven transport is PRIMARY A.T And is coupled transport is SECONDARY
- it’s secondary because it uses ATP indirectly, since the ATP is used to create the concentration gradient
Couples a favourable process with an unfavourable one
SYMPORT: movement of 2 molecules in the same direction
E.g pyruvate goes against gradient, coupled with H+ which goes down gradient
ANTIPORT: movement of 2 molecules in opposite directions
E.g Na/K pumps
Need help typing ? See our FAQ (opens in new window)
Please sign in to create this set. We'll bring you back here when you are done.
Discard Changes Sign in
Please sign in to add to folders.
Sign in
Don't have an account? Sign Up »
You have created 2 folders. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders!