term1 Definition1term2 Definition2term3 Definition3
Please sign in to your Google account to access your documents:
Thiazides
- Chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
- Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, Microzide)
- Indapamide (Lozol)
- Metolazone (Zaraoxolyn)
Indications:
- To decrease fluid volume
- To increase excretion of water, sodium, potassium, and chloride
- Inexpensive/effective
- Useful in severe HTN
- Effective orally
- Enhances other antihypertensives
Adverse reactions:
- Hypokalemia (dry mouth, thirst, weakness, drowsiness, lethargy, muscle aches, tachycardia)
- Hyperuricemia
- Glucose intolerance
- Hypercholesterolemia
- Sexual dysfunction
Nursing Implication:
- Observe for postural hypotension; can be potentiated by (alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics)
- Caution with renal failure, gout, client taking lithium
- Hypokalemia increases risk for digitalis toxicity
- Administer potassium supplements
- Encourage intake of potassium-rich foods
Loop
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Torsemide (Dermadex)
- Bumetanide (Bumex)
Indications: rapid action, potent for use when thiazides fail, cause volume depletion
Adverse reactions: hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, sexual dysfuntion, weakness
- Volume depletion and electrolyte depletion are rapid
- all nursing implications cited for thiazides
Potassium-Sparing
- Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Amiloride (Midamor)
- Triamterene (Dyrenium)
- Eplerenone (Inspra)
Indication: volume depletion without significant potassium loss
Adverse reaction: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia, sexual dysfunction
Nursing implication:
- watch for hyperkalemia and renal failure in those treated with ACE inhibitors or NSAIDs
- watch for increase in serum lithium levels
- give after meals to decrease GI distress
Combination Thiazide and Postassium-Sparing
- HCTZ and Triamterene (Maxidex)
- HCTZ + Amiloride (Moduretic)
- HCTZ + Spironolactone (Aldactazide)
Indication: Decreases fluid volume while minimizing K+ loss
- Side effects of individual drug offset or minimized by its partner
- caution client previously on loop or thiazide diuretic alone not to overdo k+ food now because k+- sparing component in new drug
- follow scheduling doses to avoid sleep disruption
Need help typing ? See our FAQ (opens in new window)
Please sign in to create this set. We'll bring you back here when you are done.
Discard Changes Sign in
Please sign in to add to folders.
Sign in
Don't have an account? Sign Up »
You have created 2 folders. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders!