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Augustine
His theodicy is based off of Genesis 3 and Romans 5:12-20. He believes God created the world and it was good. Evil is a privation of good and not an entity in itself. Evil is a result of the angels who turned away from God and used their freewill and tempted Adam and Eve. All humans are present in the loins of Adam and are therefore born with original sin. Christians believe there will be a judgement day when all the good will go to heaven and the bad will go to hell because evil is punished.
God created a world free from evil and is not responsible for it. It's a logical contradiction to say that a perfectly created world has gone wrong, evil would have had to of created itself. Either the world was created imperfectly or God allowed it to go wrong. If the world was perfect and there was no good or evil, how could their be freedom to obey or disobey God since evil and good would be unknown?
The freewill defence
For a man to respond freely to God he must be able to make his own decisions, this means that a man may choose whether they do good or commit moral evil. Richard Swinburne said God cannot intervene to stop suffering as this would interrupt human freedom and take away the need for responsibility and development. If we had infinite lives we would not take responsibility for our actions therefore death is necessary
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