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Mutations
A change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity
Duplications
An aberration in chromosome structure due to fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome, such that a portion of a chromosome is duplicated
Genetic Drift
Unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next because of a population's finite size
Bottleneck Effect
Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a population, typically by a natural disaster, such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population
Founder Effect
Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals become isolated from a larger population, with the result that the new population, with the result that the new population's gene pool is not reflective of the original population
Gene Flow
Genetic additions to or subtractions from a population resulting from the movement of fertile individuals or gametes
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