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Nondisjunction
The situation in which the phenotypes of the heterozygote and the dominant homozygote are indistinguishable
Aneuploidy
The situation in which the phenotypes of both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote.
Trisomic
The situation in which the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the phenotypes of individuals homozygous for either allele
Monosomic
Referring to a cell that has only one copy of a particular chromosome, instead of the normal two.
Polyploidy
A chromosomal alteration in which the organism posses more than two complete chromosome sets.
Deletion
A type of gene interaction in which one gene alters the phenotype efforts of another gene that is independently inherited.
Quantitative Characters
An aberration in chromosome structure due to fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome, such that a portion of a chromosome is duplicated.
Polygenic Inheritance
An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from reattachment in a revers orientation of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated.
Norm of Reaction
(1) An aberration in chromosome structure resulting from attachment to of a chromosomal fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome. (2) During protein synthesis, the third stage in the elongation cycle when the RNA carrying the growing polypeptide moves form the A site to the Psite on the ribosome. (3) The transport of organic nutrients in the phloem of vascular plants.
Multifactorial
A human genetic disease caused by presence of an extra chromosome 21; characterized by mental retardation and heart and respiratory defects.
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