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Colon cancer metastasizes
by direct extension
spreads through blood or lymph
liver is the most frequent site of invasion
S/S of colon cancer
changes in stool
blood in stools or rectal bleeding
anemia
abdominal distention/fullness (L is rectal tumors, cancer, bright red blood, constipation, or obstruction. R melana pain)
pain
weight loss
Colon cancer Stage 1
tumor penetrated but not through bowel wall
colon cancer Stage 2
Penetrated through bowel wall. No lymph involvement
Colon cancer Stage 3
Lymph node no involved
Colon cancer Stage 4
Advance tumor spread to liver, lung, or bone
Post-op care fro colon cancer
colostomy care
wound/drain assessment and care
pain management
diet
antipuretic meds & sitz bath (for relief of rectal itching)
Assess for complications
PCA pump for pain management
NPO until bowel sounds
Phantom pain in rectum
Assessment of Stoma
Color/integrity-reddish pink and moist and protrudes 3/4"
Complications-ischemic, neurotic, dark red purple white or black
Skin surrounding-avoid skin breakdown
Pouch system- empty @ 1/3-1/2 full
Function of 3-6 days post op out put liquid @ first unusual bleeding or separation is BAD!
Colostomy education
avoid broccoli, brussel sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, egg, fish, garlic, cucumber, and drinking through a straw
Use charcoal filters and deoderizers
breath mints also work
Metabolic alkalosis affects of obstructions
Obstructions high in the small intestines cause a loss of gastric hydrochloride
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