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32 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
What is it important to consider the number of partners when choosing a contraceptive option?
Someone who has multiple partners also needs protection from STI's.
What are the most effective contraceptive options?
Sterilization, IUD, hormone shot, implants (NOT breast)
What are considered the least effective methods of birth control?
Condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, pull 'n pray, fertility awareness method, spermicide
What methods of birth control are considered "medium effective"?
Oral contraceptives, vaginal ring, transdermal patch
Diaphragms must be left in for how many hours to be effective?
6 hours, but need to be removed within 24 hours. All methods involving a vaginal indwelling device need to be left in for 6-8 hours and removed by 24-72 hours.
A woman who has had one miscarriage, but no births needs what size of a diaphragm?
Medium
How does the FemCap prevent pregnancy?
Blocks the sperm from entering the cervix by providing a "cap" on the cervix.
What size Lea's Shield is needed for a woman who has had two children vaginally?
Lea's Shield is a one-size-fits-all product.
How long is spermicide effective?
Not more than one hour
Why does spell checker know the word diaphragm but tells me I'm spelling spermicide wrong?
Spell checker developed by man dominated setting?
While women find the tolerance to take hormones to stop them from ovulating, men are very uncomfortable with killing their sperm, even if they don't like wearing condoms.
Spermicide increases the risk of what for women?
STI's if used frequently. It also causes cervical erosion.
What is a serious complication of using vaginal caps/diaphragms etc.?
Toxic Shock Syndrome
What is a major contraindication for using intravaginal methods of birth control?
If a woman has ever had Toxic shock syndrome, or a woman who has having her period.
A woman who experiences a sudden high fever, vomiting/diarrhea, dizziness, sore throat, aching muscles or sunburn-like rash may be suffering from what?
Toxic shock syndrome
How does paragard prevent pregnancy?
Paragard is a copper T shaped intrauterine device (IUD) which prevents pregnancy. The copper acts as a spermicide and the device itself inflames the endometrium thus preventing fertilization.
How does Mirena prevent pregnancy?
Mirena is a hormonal IUD. It releases levonorgestrel from its vertical reservoir. It is effective for up to 5 years. It impairs sperm motility, irritates the lining of the uterus and has some anovulatory (failure of ovulation to occur) effects.
What are possible side effects of IUD's?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).
ectopic pregnancy, bleeding and pain
(especially during the first year).
What are the two main categories of hormonal methods of birth control?
Estrogen-progestin meds and
progestational agents.
What are all the different routes of hormonal birth control (6 total)?
oral, transdermal, vaginal, implantation, injection or via the intrauterine route.
How often does a woman ovulate while taking hormonal birth control?
Never, almost
What triggers bleeding (monthly) in a woman taking COC's (combined oral contraceptives)?
The withdrawl of hormones causes the lining to shed. Progesterone, specifically, is responsible for the build up of the lining, when it is not present, the lining sheds.
What physiological processes change as a result of COC's (combined oral contraceptives)?
Cervical mucus in the presence of progesterone does not provide as suitable an environment for sperm penetration. Also, maturation of the endometrium is altered, making it a less favorable site for implantation.
What are possible signs of infection or pregnancy with an IUD?
P- period late (pregnancy), pain with intercourse
A- abdominal pain, spotting or bleeding
I- Infection exposure (any STI)
N- not feeling well, fever chills
S- Strings shorter, longer or missing
How do hormonal methods of birth control work?
Prevent release of an egg (ovulation).
What hormone is being ingested during week four of taking oral contraceptives?
None, they are placebos. The withdrawal of progesterone causes the lining of the uterus to shed.
How does the "morning after" pill work?
The morning after pill works the same as all birth control pills. It prevents ovulation and prevents the implantation of a fertilized egg into the lining of the uterus.
What is in the "morning after" pill?
Levonorgestrel (synthetic progestogen).
What withdrawal of progesterone causes what?
Lining to shed
What hormone may cause increased blood clotting?
Estrogen
If someone is taking a pill with estrogen in it, what should they watch out for?
A- Abdominal pain, severe
C- Chest pain (severe), cough-PE
H- Headache (severe), dizziness, weakness, numbness
E- Eye problems- blurring
S- Severe leg pain, SOB, speech probs

Estrogen can cause blood clots!
What method of birth control is best for preventing ovarian and uterine cancer?
Oral contraceptives because they prevent the release of eggs from ovaries and prevent the buidl up of uterine lining.
What are the most common side effects of hormonal birth control?
spotting and break through bleeding are most common, annoying, but normal
Why? if hormone levels are not just right, there may not be enough progesterone to hold lining onto uterus