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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
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realist
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People that believe that the U.S. should focus its attention and resources on protecting and expanding its own security and prosperity.
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idealist
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People that believe that nation-states should act to promote the ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity to the whole world.
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neoconservatives
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People that believe that the military and economic power should be used to promote American ideals and interest.
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hard power
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is a theory that describes using military and economic means to influence the behavior or interest of other political bodies.
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soft power
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which refers to power that comes from diplomacy, culture and history.
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NGO
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(non-governmental organization)- is a private institution that is independent of the government.
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Washington's "Farewell Address"
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George Washington's letter to the public when he refused to do a 3rd term in office. Washington warned the U.S. not to have permanent alliances with any part of the foreign world
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Monroe Doctrine
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President James Monroe stated that attempts by Europeans powers to establish new colonies anywhere in the Americas would be considered unfriendly to U.S. interest.
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Manifest Destiny
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American's belief of a god driven destiny to move west.
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Mexican-American War
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A war against the U.S. and Mexico about who kept Texas, and parts of New Mexico and California.
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Open Door Policy
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U.S. policy made by President Wilson that stated that China should remain open to free trade rather than be under the exclusive control of on or more colonial powers.
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Spanish-American War
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The War started because America demanded Spain to peacefully resolve the Cuban fight for independence, and it was rejected. Treaty of Paris was signed 109 after the war, causing it to end and allowing the U.S. to have ownership of a few previously Spanish-owned countries in the Caribbean.
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World War I
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A war that started in 1914 that included many countries. The result of the war was the league of nations.
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Woodrow Wilson
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He was elected to be the (28th) democrat president during World War I. He created the League of Nations.
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World War II
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A worldwide war that started with conflicts in Asian countries, and also Germany invading Poland. The result of the war was America and Soviet Union becoming the world's two leading superpowers.
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FDR
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Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32 president that served four years in office. During the depression he made the New Deal that helped rebuild America's economic systems and also provided many jobs for the unemployed.
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Harry Truman
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As v.p. he gained presidency as the 33rd president when FDR died. He founded the United Nations. Also he was president during the creation of NATO.
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IMF
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The International Monetary Fund monitored the system of fixed currency exchange rates (post-WWII) and now seeks to assist nations in managing debt.
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World Bank
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Provided capital to finance reconstruction and development, first in Western Europe and then in the Third World post-WWII.
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GATT
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade is a series of international treaties designed to rationalize and reduce tariff and nontariff barriers to international trade.
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UN
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The United Nations was created and replaced League of Nations in 1945 and open to all the nations of the world. It provides a forum for discussing the full range of international issues and has major peacekeeping responsibilities.
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Marshall Plan (ERP)
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(officially European Recovery Program 1945)was started in order to keep communism from spreading by by providing $15 billion in economic aid to help in rebuilding Europe after WWII to encourage them toward democracy.
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Cold War
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The period of continuous hostility short of actual warfare that existed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union from the end of WWII trhough the mid-1980s.
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bipolar world
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when one country is affected negatively another country is affected positively
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Truman Doctrine
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A reinvention of the Monroe Doctrine. It stated that the U.S. will help pro-democracy countries and will fight pro-communism countries.
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containment
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after WWII; The U.S. didn't want to fight communism, however just wanted to keep it were it was by strengthening relations with allies surrounding the Soviet Union.
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deterrence
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When the consequence is worse than action so don't do.
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collective security
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the maintenance by common action of the security of all members of an association of nations
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NATO
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A collective security pact (1949) between the U.S., Canada, and their Western European allies to oppose further Soviet expansion in Europe.
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Warsaw Pact
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This pact was created in Poland to counter the potential threat from the NATO alliance.
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Berlin Wall
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Was a wall that surrounded West Berlin in 1961 to seperate West Berlin from East Berlin and East Germany, since after WWII East Germany became communist.
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JFK
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John F. Kennedy was a military leader in the South Pacific during WWII. After WWII he represented Massachusetts as a democrat in the House of Representatives, and in 1961 he beat Nixon and became the 33rd president. He was president during the Cuban Missle Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, and the Bay of Pigs Invasion.
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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The Cuban Missile Crisis was between Cuba, the U.S., and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. An American U-2 spyplane saw missile bases being built in Cuba, but JFK and Khrushchev (S.U.) put an end to it threw the U.N.
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OPEC
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The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is a group of countries in the Middle East that controls and tries to stabilize the price of oils internationally, and also to produce a steady income for those countries involved.
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NAFTA
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The North American Free Trade Agreement eliminated the majority of tariffs on products traded in between U.S., Mexico, and Canada.
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WTO
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The World Trade Organization is a successor of the GATT that is designed to supervise international trade.
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unilateralism
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when only a country works on an issue using one strategy.
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multilateralism
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when a country uses two or more strategies to solve a certain issue.
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isolationism
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when a country has no alliances and no other international political and economic relations
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nationalism
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extreme patriotism
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internationalism
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internationalism in politics is referring to a greater economic and political cooperation that all nations will benefit from
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diplomacy
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is negotations about affairs between nations without causing hostility.
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sovereignty
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supreme power over an area of government or a group of people
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Iraq War
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The Iraq War was started in 2003. Bush says it was started because Iraq had and was producing more Weapons of Mass Destruction which violated a 1991 agreement.
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Bush Doctrine
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put sovereignty, national security, preemption, and supremacy and the core of American foreign policy
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nation-state
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The state is a political and geopolitical entity; the nation is a cultural and/or ethnic entity.
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sovereignty
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is the exclusive right to complete political control over an area of governance, people, or oneself
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Condoleezza Rice/State Department
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Rice was the first African American woman to serve as Secretary of State. She pioneered a policy of Transformational Diplomacy.
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Jay Garner/Office of Reconstuction and Humanitarian Aid (ORHA)
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he is a retired US Army general who was appointed in 2003 as Director for ORHA in Iraq following the 2003 invasion.
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L. Paul (Jerry) Bremer/Coalition
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he took Jay Garner's spot, and is famously known for his stint in post-war Iraq.
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Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA)
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was established as a transitional government following the invasion fo Iraq by the United States and other members of the multinational coalition which was formed to oust the government of Saddam Hussein in 2003.
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Shi'i
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adhere to the teachings of Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family.
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Sunnis
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they represent the branch of Islam that accepted the caliphate of Abu Bakr.
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Saddam Hussein
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the president of Iraq from 1979-2003 whom is a leading member of the revolutionary Ba'ath Party
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Ba'ath Party
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supports secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and socialism
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Nuri al-Maliki
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is the State Prime Minister of Iraq and a Shi'a Muslim and secretary-general of the Islamic Dawa Party.
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Al Qaeda/Osama bin Laden
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is a militant Islam terriost whom is the founder of Al-Qaeda.
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Ayman al-Zawahiri
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is an extremist Muslim leader who is often described as a "lieutenant" to the head of Al-Qaeda, Osama bin Laden
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Mahdi Army
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an Iraqi paramilitary force that was created by the Iraqi Shi'ite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr in June 2003
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Moktada al-Sadr and Sadr City
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is a suburban administrative district city of Baghdad, Iraq that was built in 1959 by the prime minister at the time, and later unoffically renamed Sadr City after deceased Shiite leader Mohammmad Sadeq al-Sadr
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