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157 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name 7 allergens that fall in the fragrance category.
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M/C family of allergens = fragrance.
Myroxylon pereirae fragrance mix 1 fragrance mix 2 cinnamic aldehyde Ylang ylang oil jasmine absolute tea tree oil oxidized |
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Name the 5 formaldehyde releasing preservatives
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2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol
diazolidinyl urea imidazolidinyl urea DMDM hydantoin Quarternium 15 |
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M/C cosmetic preservative to cause ACD.
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Quarternium 15
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Non formaldehyde releaser preservatives (2)
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Parabens, MCI/MI
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What is MCI/MI
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methyl chloroisothiazolinone and methyl isothiazolinone
Kathon GC Non formaldehyde releaser preservative |
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Fragrance Mix consists of what?
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Cinnamic alcohol
cinnamic aldehyde hydroxycitronellal isoeugenol eugenol oak moss absolute alpha amyl cinnamic aldehyde geraniol |
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Why are formaldehyde releasers used as preservatives?
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increases shelf life
makes it more stable kills gram negative organisms |
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What test can be used to see if something has nickel?
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dimethylglyoxime test - turns pink if nickel is present
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What will neomycin cross react with?
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Aminoglycosides
Co-reactivity with bacitracin and neomycin due to consensitization --> they are used together and not chemically related |
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Name the two steroids used to patch test and their classes.
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Tixocortol pivalate (A)
Budesonide (B) |
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Group A Steroids
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Hydrocorisone
Prednisolone Methylprednisone |
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What do all the Group B Steroids have in common?
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End in -IDE
Budesonide triamcinolone acetonide Desonide, etc |
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Group C Steroids
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Betamethasone
Desamethasone |
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Ophthalmic steroids are usually found in what Group?
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Group C
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What do Group D steroids have in common?
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17-OH steroids
end in -ATE |
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Cobalt chloride used in what color tattoos?
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Blue
Pink (?) |
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What is found in some implantable devices?
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Cobalt
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p-tert-butylphoneol formaldehyde resin is what? Where do you find it?
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flexible leather glue
belts and wrist watches |
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P-phyenlyenediamine
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hair; henna tattoos
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What does PPD cross react with?
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azo- and aniline dyes; procaine; benzocaine; PABA; sulfa
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Do those who react to quarternium 15 react to formaldehyde?
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Yup, in about 80%
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Potassium dichromate is seen in what?
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tanned leather
cement match heads |
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Will those sensitive to Cobalt have a sensitivity to Chromate and Ni?
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Yes
Chromate - m/c men Nickel - m/c women |
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Carb mix
Thiuram Mix Mercapto Mix Mercaptobenzothiazole Mixed dialkyl thiourea n,n-diphenylguanidine Are all what? |
Rubber accelerators
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Which rubber accelerator is a/w industrial pesticides?
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mercaptobenthaziazole
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What is found in neoprene rubber (mouse pads; wrist rests; body suits)
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mixed dialkyl thiorheas
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Black rubber mix cross reacts with?
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aka isopropyl PPD
cross reacts with PPD is a antioxidant for rubber |
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What medication can you find thiuram mix
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antabuse
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Where does colophony come from?
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pinus palustris and pinus caribaea
aka pine rosin |
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Colophony found in:
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baseball rosin bags; violin bows; mascara; adhesive
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Epoxy resin used in what?
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Industrial cement - boats and aircraft
is watertight |
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What is one of the most important industrial allergens?
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epoxy resin
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Who else uses epoxy?
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dentists
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What is found in wool alcohol?
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lanolin (comes from sheep fleece
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M/C presentation of lanolin allergy?
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chelitis - lip balm
dermatitis on LE - ulcers or stasis |
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Commonly used medication that can cause anaphylaxis
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Bacitracin
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Benzophenone 3 is what?
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sunscreen - both UVA and UVB
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Common textile allergen
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Disperse blue 106 and 124
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Disperse blue is found in?
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clothes; dark clothes; blended
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Common locations of Gold ACD
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eyelids; stents; hand derm
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T/F - Patients with gold allergy are more likely to be allergic to Co and Ni.
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True
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Ethyl acrylate
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Nail glue;
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Compositae and sesquiterpene lactone mix
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plants; a/w 20% of those with chronic actinic dermatitis; facial derm that is photodistributed but without submental sparing
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Compositae is AKA
Name some items |
asteraceae
Artichokes, chrysanthemum, ragweed, sunflower |
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Allergen of compositae
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sesquiterpene lactone
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what medication is derived from chrysanthemums
what family are chrysanthemums found? |
Elimite
asteraceae/compositae |
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Tosylamide formaldehyde resin
common presenting location |
nail polish
eyelid derm |
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Where do you methyl metahcrylate?
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glue in ortho and teeth
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Distribution of ACD in dentist and florists?
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1st, 2nd and 3rd fingers
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Propylene glycol
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solvent, preservative, enhances penetration
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What presevative is found in minoxidil?
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propylene glycol
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cetyl stearyl alcohol commonly found in?
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moisturizers
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What is sorbitan?
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it is a surfactant and emulsifier for cosmetics
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Cocamidopropylbetaine/3-dimethylamino propylamine (DMAPA)
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surfactants
found in soap |
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Glyceryl thioglycolate
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permanent wave solution
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T/F if a woman gets a perm that has glyceryl thioglycolate, it stops being allergenic once you cut it off.
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False - it is allergenic for life of hair.
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ethyleneurea melamine-formaldehyde resin
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textile; formaldehyde releasing clothing - sizing and permanent press
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iodopropynyl butylcarbamate
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non formaldehyde releaser - presvative
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chloroxylenol (PCMX) and 4-Chloro-3-cresol (PCMC)
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biocides - hand soap - sterilizing instruments
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Pattern for glutaral dermatitis and where found?
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unilateral pattern on face
GI/Sterilizing/Dental |
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What is found in crazy glue and dermabond?
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ethyl cyanoacrylate
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What allergen is associated to babies dying in the NICU?
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benzyl alcohol
used as a preservative for IV fluid/Normal saline |
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benzalkonium chloride
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baby wipes and eyedrops
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Found in most ophtho preps?
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benzalkonium chloride
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What is methyldibromoglutaronitrile?
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non formaldehyde releaser
**M/C to cause CD |
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Associations with propolis
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Bees; cosmetics
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n,n-diphenylguanidine
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rubber accelerator
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Common personal hygiene product that contains triethanolamine.
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Shaving cream - emulsifier and surfactant
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Amidoamine is what?
Includes? |
surfactant
olemaidopropyl dimethlamine/cocamide DEA |
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What is in hibiclens?
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chlorhexidine digluconate
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What is phenoxyethanol?
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non formaldehyde releaser
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BHT
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2,6 ditert butyl 4 cresol
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Where is BHT found?
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cosmetics; hydroquinone; cereal
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Di alpha tocopherol
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vitamin e; antioxidant
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What is cocamide DEA used for/
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Foaming agent
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Triclosan
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Lever; toothpaste; mouthwashes
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What does thimerosal cross react with?
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mercury; piroxicam
|
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Balsam of peru comes from?
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myroxylon pereirae tree
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Where is balsam of peru found naturally?
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tomatoes; citrus; cola
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Besides henna and hair dyes, where else is PPD found?
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inks; photodeveloping solutions; dyes
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alliaceae
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garlic, onions and chives
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What is the most important allergen in garlic?
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diallyl disulfide
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alsteromeriaceae and liliaceae
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peruvian lily and tulips
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Allergen in toxicdendron
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urushiol
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families of plants a/w phytophoto
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fucomarins
a celery fennel parsnip m fig tree r citrus |
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tea tree oil comes from what plant?
allergen? |
melaleuca
d-limonene |
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Latex allergy cross reactors
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banana, avocado, chestnut and kiwi
|
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Solanaceae
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capsaicin; neutralized with vinegar
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Found in shampoos?
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Cocaimdopropyl betaine
surfactant |
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Alkalis
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Irritant CD
Destroy keratin so can penetrate deeply Soaps detergents, lye |
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Acids
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Corrosive causing burns
Treat with copious water and neutralize with sodium bicarb |
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What helps fiberglass fibers slide out?
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Talcum powder
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What is found in pepper spray?
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Capsacin; use acetic acid to neutralize
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Locations of chloracne
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malar crescent, ear lobes, retroauricular area, neck, shoulders, and scrotum
|
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Toxicodendron cross reactors
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Poison oak, ivy, sumac
Cashew nut tree Japanese Lacquer Tree Mango rind and sap Rengas Tree Indian marking nut tree Gingko |
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Allergen in toxicodendron
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uroshiol
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What kind of gloves protect from uroshiol?
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vinyl gloves
|
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Most common allergy in florists
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tuliposide A
Alstromeria "Peruvian lily" Primrose |
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Compositae asteracaea
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Sesquiterpene lactone
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Is phytophyto photoallergic or phototoxic?
How long after exposure? |
phototoxic
after 24 hours usually |
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Phytophoto on your ARM
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Apiacea - celery, parnip, parsley, dill, carrot, hogweed, and fennel
Rutaceae - citrus, lime, lemon, lei flowers Moracea - fig tree levaes St. John's wart |
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Daffodil leads to what?
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irritant CD due to calcium oxalate
|
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What plants have irritant as calcium oxalate?
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Daffodil, araceae, pineapple
|
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Bleached underwear band
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dibenzyldithiocarbamate
|
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Formaldehyde releasers
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2,5 diazolidinylurea
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-11,3 diol bronopol imidazolidinylurea Q15 DMDM hydantoin |
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Rubber rubber accelerators
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mercaptobenzothiazole
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Adhesive for shoes
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P tert butylphenol formaldehyde for glue for leather
|
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Tanned leather
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Potassium dichromates
|
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Foam padding athletic shoes
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diisocyanates
|
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Thiuram
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#1 gloves, #2 shoes
|
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Mercury
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Thimerisol in vaccines
|
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What blocks nickel (ion?)
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Vitamin C
|
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Found in cement workers, tanners, painters, photographers
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hexachromates
wet cement, green dye, zippers, shoe leather |
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Associated with Vitamine B12
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Cobalt (as well as blue tattoo)
|
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Main component of rubber gloves
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thiuram
|
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Allergy to neoprene
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diakyl thioureas
|
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Bleach does what?
|
It sensitizes rubber making it a sensitizer
|
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Resin dermatitis - T/F liquid form is not sensitizing?
|
False causes severe reaction; polymerized form is not sensitizing
|
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Polyester resins
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Sculptors, helmets, lamp shades, and boat hulls
|
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Causes purpuric CD; does this penetrate latex
|
PPD; yes it does penetrate latex
|
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Hair Bleach
|
ammonium persulfate
|
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permanent Hair waves
|
glyceryl monothioglycolate
|
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Nail products
|
tosylamide formaldehyde resin
|
|
acrylic nails
Monomer is allergenic T/F |
acrylates; also peripheral neuropathy
T - Only monomer is allergenic S2 epoxy resins |
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BOP - avoid what?
|
rosin from South American tree
Avoid eugenol, tomato, citrus, benzoin, colophony |
|
Preservatives - non formaldehyde releasing
|
parabens
MCI Thiomerosal |
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Found in break fluid, food, cosmetics
|
propylene glycol
|
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What does ethylene diamine do?
|
stabilizes medication creams; x reacts with atarax
|
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Thickening foaming
|
propyl gallate
|
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PABA allergic - avoid:
|
thiazides
sulfonylureas PPD benzocaine (esters) azodyes |
|
Most common photocontact allergen in US?
what does it cross react with? |
oxybenzone
ketoprofen and fenofibrate |
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Where does BOP come from?
|
myroxylon perirae
|
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What does BOP cross react with?
|
cinnamon, vanilla, citrus, sweets, cola, benzoin, liquor
|
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What is geraniol?
|
rose
|
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Tooth paste allergen?
|
cinnamic aldehyde
|
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Lemon allergens
|
psoralens, geraniol, citral, d limonene
|
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Can hairdressers get ACD from permanent wave allergen?
How about for PPD? |
glyceryl monothioglycolate - Yes, they can
PPD allergic hairdressers cannot |
|
Most common abx to cause anaphylaxis?
What is it coreactive with? and what is its MOA? |
bacitracin
Neomycin; inhibits cell wall synthesis |
|
Neomycin is what?
what is its MOA? |
MC topical abx reaction with chronic OE
inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to 30s ribosome SU; G neg |
|
MC three agents used to patch test for topical steroid allergy?
|
Tixocortol pivalate
budesonide (B) HC butyrate **Fails to ID 3/4 of patients with allergy to clobetasol or betamethasone (class D) |
|
Comes from sebum of sheep
|
lanolin
|
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What other allergen is found in aquaphor and what is it?
|
bisabolol - is a sesquuiterpene alcohol that cross reacts with compositae and sesquiterpene lactone
|
|
M/c sources of acrylates?
|
Dentists
Acrylic nails adhesives tissue adhesive hearing aids |
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Hearing aids associated with what?
|
acrylates
|
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Allergy to asteracea should avoid what medication?
|
elimite - derived from chrysanthemums
|
|
Tulip bulbs cause
|
irritant CD (fissure eczema on grip area of fingers)
|
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MCC of irritant CD in florists
|
calcium oxalate
|
|
Garlic allergen
|
diallyl disulfide
|
|
Found in violin bows, adhesive, gum, glossy paper?
|
colophony, rosin
Comes from pine trees Xreacts with BOP |
|
Where is latex derived from?
Which products have higher protein levels? |
Hevea brasiliensis
Thin stretchy products like balloons condoms, gloves NOT paint |
|
MC used preservative in cosmeticcs
|
Parabens - low rate of sensitization
|
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Nickel allergy test
|
dimethylglyoxime test - turns pink when rubbed
|
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If nickel negative patch test with nickel like dermatitis
|
think cobalt
|
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What is the more common cause of clothing aCD than formaldehyde?
|
Disperse Blue Dye
|
|
Shoe Glue
|
P tert butyl phenol formaldehyde
colophony |
|
Shoe leather
|
potassium dichromate
|
|
rubber accelerator
|
thiuram mix;
mercaptopbenzothiazole |