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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articles of Confederation
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first weak attempt at a Constitution (army but no taxes, laws but no enforcement)
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Federal System
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type of government where power is shared between national and state governments
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Virginia Plan
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included a president, courts, and a 2-house congress with representation beased on the population of each state
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New Jersey Plan
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included a one-house congress with each state having equal representation
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The Great Conpromise (Connecticut Compromise)
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the final accepted plan that is very similar to today's U.S. government
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Federalists
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people who supported a strong central government and the Constitution
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Anti-Federalists
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people who did not support a strong central government or the Constitution
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Article I
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legislative branch (Senate/ House=Congress, makes laws)
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Article II
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Executive Branch (carries out laws)
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Article III
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Judicial Branch (interpret laws)
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Article IV
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states
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Article V
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ammendment process
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Article VI
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National Supremacy
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Article VII
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ratification of Constitution
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checks and balances
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this keeps any one branch of government from becoming too powerful
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veto
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a rejection by the president of a passed bill
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override
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when Congress defeats a presidential veto by a 2/3 majority in each house
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enumerated powers
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specific powers for just the National government (ex. postal system, mint money, army, immigration)
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reserved powers
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specific powers for just the state governments (ex. school regulations, marriage/divorce laws, etc.)
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slander
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the crime of saying lies about other people
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concurrent powers
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powers shared by both National and state governments (taxes, prisons, courts, etc.)
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Supremacy Clause
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National law is higher than a state law
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Bill of Rights
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first 10 ammendments to the Constitution
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indict
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to officially accuse someone of a criminal act
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1st Ammendment
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five basic freedoms (religion, speech, press, assembly, petition)
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libel
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the crime of writing lies about other people
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acquit
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when an accused person is found to be "not guilty"
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double jeopardy
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a person who is acquitted of a crime may not be retryed for the exact same crime
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protection against self-incrimination
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you cannot be forced to testify against yourself ("I plead the fifth")
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due process of law
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going through all the necessary legal steps of law
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eminent domain
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allows the government to take private property for public use (payment)
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2nd Ammendment
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the right to serve in a militia and to bear arms
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Miranda Rights
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the right to remain silent, the right to have a lawyer, etc.
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Tinker vs. Des Moines
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landmark Supreme Court case (black armband peace sign) extending freedom of speech to freedom of expression
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public defender
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a court-appointed lawyer provided for someone who can't afford to pay for legal services
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treason
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a crime that endangers the U.S. or helps our enemies
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Civil War Ammendments
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13: officially ended slavery
14: citizenship (for ex-slaves) 15: voting rights for black men |
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18th Ammendment
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prohibited manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages (prohibition)
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suffrage
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the official word for "the right to vote" (suffragette)
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19th Ammendment
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gave women the right to vote
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21st Ammendment
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repealed prohibition
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26th Ammendment
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lowered the minimum voting age to 18.
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