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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Republic/Democracy |
-A government in which the ultimate authority and power is derived from the citizens, and the government itself is run through elected officials. |
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Northwest Ordinance |
-it described how the Northwest Territory was to be governed and set conditions for settlement and settler's rights |
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Land Ordinance of 1787 |
- a law that established a plan for surveying and selling the federally owned lands west of the Appalachian Mountains |
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Shay's Rebellion |
-an uprising of debt-ridden Massachusetts farmers in 1787 - |
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Constitutional Convention |
- a meeting held in 1787 to consider changes to the Articles of Confederation -resulted in the drafting of the Constitution |
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Federalists/ Hamiltonians |
- a major political party in the early years of the U.S. that wanted a strong central government - supporters of the U.S. Constitution |
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Anti Federalist or Democratic/Republican/Jeffersonians |
- a major political party in the early years of the U.S. that wanted more power to the citizens - initially opposed the adoption of the United States Constitution until the adoption of the - stemming from the independence won from England, very scared of large federal government |
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James Madison |
- regarded as the “Father of the Constitution” as he was the most thoroughly informed throughout the entire debate and dept the most detailed notes during the convention (cerebral) |
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George Mason |
- Mason's model for Virginia's constitution was soon adopted by most of the states, and it was also later transferred in part, and in a watered-down form, into the U.S. Constitution - vigorously opposed the provision that allowed the slave trade to continue |
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John Jay |
- joined Alexander Hamilton and James Madison in writing five of the essays that became known as The Federalist Papers. The Federalist Papers discussed, and argued in favor of, the principles of government laid out in the Constitution. - became foreign affairs secretary under the Articles of Confederation. - authored a pamphlet, "An Address to the People of New York," which helped the Constitution attain ratification in New York. |
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George Washington |
- At the Constitutional Convention, Washington was unanimously chosen as president. - became the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797 |
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Thomas Jefferson |
-draftsman of the U.S. Declaration of Independencethe -nation's first secretary of state -second vice president -third president |
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Alexander Hamilton |
- became General George Washington's assistant - convinced New Yorkers to agree to ratify the U.S Constitution -served as the nation's first secretary of the treasury |
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Virginia Plan |
- a plan proposed by Edmund Randolph, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787, that proposed a government with three branches and two- house legislature in which representation would be base on population, benefiting the larger states |
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New Jersey Plan |
- a plan of government proposed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 that called for a one-house legislature in which each state would have one vote which benefited the smaller states |
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The Great Compromise |
- the Constitutional Convention’s agreement to establish a two-house national legislature, with all states having equal representation in the Senate (2 per state) and each state having representation based on its population in the House of Reps. |
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Three-Fifths Compromise |
- the Constitutional Convention’s agreement in which to count three-fifths of a state’s slaves as population for purposes of determining representation to the House and taxation. |
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Constitution |
- a doc. that embodies the fundamental laws and principles by which the United States is governed. |
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The Preamble |
-the “intro” to the Constitution that prefaces the goals and purposes of the Constitution |
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posterity |
- the future generations |
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3 delegated/enumerated powers |
-establish and maintain military -declare war -establish postal system and offices |
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3 reserved powers |
-establish local governments -set up/maintain/fun public schools -manage local elections/processes |
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3concurrent powers |
- borrow money - establish courts - regulate banks |
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legislative branch |
-the branch of the government that writes, debates, and passes laws. -Article 1 |
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executive branch |
- the branch that is responsible for implementing, supporting, and enforcing the laws - Article 2 |
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judicial branch |
- the branch includes criminal and civil courts and helps interpret the United States Constitution - Article 3 |
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Miranda Rights |
- the right to remain silent, the right to legal counsel, and the right to be told that anything he or she says can be used in court against him or her |
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double jeopardy |
- trying a person twice in the same jurisdiction for the same crime, a practice prohibited by the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution |
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Writ of Habeas Corpus |
- judicial mandate to a prison official ordering that an inmate be brought to the court so it can be determined whether or not that person is imprisoned lawfully and whether or not he should be released from custody |
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The Cabinet |
-composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States -generally the heads of the federal executive departments. |
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impeach |
- to bring an accusation against |
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veto |
- the power or right vested in one branch of a government to cancel or postpone the decisions, enactments, etc., of another branch, especially the right of a president, governor, or other chief executive to reject bills passed by the legislature. |
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ratify |
- to confirm by expressing consent, approval, or formal sanction |
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amend |
- to alter, modify, rephrase, or add to or subtract from (a motion, bill,constitution, etc.) by formal procedure |
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repeal |
- to revoke or withdraw formally or officially |
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suffrage |
-the right to vote, especially in a political election |
