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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st Amendment
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Five Basic Freedoms:
1. Freedom of/from Religion - "Establishment Clause" - "Free Exercise Clause" 2. Freedom of Speech 3. Freedom of Press 4. Freedom of Peaceable Assembly 5. Freedom of Protest (Petition) |
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2nd Amendment
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Right to Keep and Bear Arms:
- Origin: Right to have state militias= Right to keep/bear arms |
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3rd Amendment
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Quartering Troops:
- Gov't cannot require citizens to house soldiers during peacetime - Origin: addressed colonial grevances stemming from Revolutionary War |
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4th Amendment
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Search and Seizure:
- Established procedures for legal search and seizure - Warrants, probable cause, particularity provision - Origin: addressed colonial grievences against the British writs of assistance (ill-defined, all-purpose general search warrants that violated colonial rights to privacy and property). |
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5th Amendment
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Rights and Protections of Accused Persons:
- Right to grand jury in cases of serious crimes (indictment process) - "Double jeopardy clause" protection - "Self-incrimination clause" protection - "Due process clause" regarding life, liberty, and property protection - Eminent domain protection regarding private property seizure by gov't |
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6th Amendment
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Substansive and Procedural Rights Regarding a Fair Trial:
- Right to a speedy and public trial - Right to an impartial jury - Right of accused to be informed of specific charges - Right to confront prosecution witnesses - Right to have compulsory process to produce witnesses - Right to the assistance of counsel - Right of citizens to a jury trial in civil cases - Applicable where the principles of common law apply |
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7th Amendment
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Trial By Jury/Civil Cases:
- Jury trial in civil cases where the principles of common law applies |
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8th Amendment
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Fines/Punishments:
- Right of citizens to be proected against excessive bail and fines - Cruel and unusual punishment |
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9th Amendment
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Unenumerated Rights of the People:
- Unspecified or unenumerated rights (other than those explicitly stated) may also deserve consitutional protection |
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10th Amendment
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Reserved Rights of the States and the People:
- Official reconition of the divided sovereignty implicit in the U.S. federal model where power is shared between the national gov't and the states - All other powers neither specifically prohibited nor denied belong and are reserved to the people |
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Preamble
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Official statement of the consitutional framers outlining the six major purposes and goals of the Consitution
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Article I
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Legislative Branch (Congress):
- House and Senate - Terms/ Qualifications/ Elections - Internal Organizaiton/ Meetings - Law-Making Powers - Specifically Enumerated Powers/ Elastic Clause - Powers Denied the National Gov't - Powers Denied the States |
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Article II
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Executive Branch (Prez, VP, Executive Dept):
- Term/ Qualifications/ Elections - Powers - Duties - Impeachent |
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Article III
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Judicial Branch (Supereme Court):
- Federal Courts - Term/ Compensation of Fed. Judges - Jurisdiction of Federal Courts - Jury Trials/ Venue - Definition of Treason |
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Article IV
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Relations Among States:
- "Full Faith and Credit Clause" - Extradiction Procedures - Admission/ Creation of New States - Congressional Control Over Territories - Guarantee of a Republican Form of Gov't - National Gov't Protection Against Invasion or Domestic Violence |
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Article V
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Amending the Consitution
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Article VI
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Role of National Gov't:
- Honoring the Public Debt - "Supremacy Clause" - Requisite Oaths of Office to Support Consitution - No Religious Tests as a requirement to hold public office |
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Article VII
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Ratificiation
- Process to adopt the Constitution |
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Amendment 11 (1795)
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State courts are the proper venue for lawsuits against states by citizens of other states
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Amendment 12 (1804)
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- Election of President/ VP
- Procedures of Electoral College |
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Amendment 13 (1865)
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Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude
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Amendment 14 (1868)
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- Defined citizenship and the rights of citizens
- "Due Process Clause": binding on states - "Equal Protection Clause" binding on states - "Penalty Clause": abridging rights of citizens - Former Confederate leaders prevented from holding public office - Civil War debts from Confederacy repudiated; from Union honored and recognized |
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Amendment 15 (1870)
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- Suffrage to male black citizens
- Right to vote cannot be denied on a basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" |
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Amendment 16 (1913)
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Right of national gov't to levy an income tax
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Amendment 17 (1913)
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Direct popular election of senators (before, state legislatures)
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Amendment 18 (1919)
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Prohibition (alcohol)
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Amendment 19 (1920)
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Suffrage extended to women
- Susan B. Anthony |
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Amendment 20 (1933)
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"Lame Duck Amendment"
- shortened intervening time between election of COngess and President - Shortened time for installment of hte next Congress and President |
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Amendment 21 (1933)
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Repeal of Prohibition
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Amendment 22 (1951)
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- Limited presidential terms to two
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Amendment 23 (1961)
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Three elctors for DC in the election of the Prez and VP
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Amendment 24 (1964)
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Abolished poll taxes in federal elections
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Amendment 25 (1967)
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Procedure to deal with the issue of presidential disability and succession of the Prez and VP
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Amendment 26 (1971)
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Extended right to vote for all citizens over 18 years
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Amendment 27 (1992)
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"Madison Amendment"
- Congressional salaries cannot be raised until an intervening election shall take place in the House of Representatives first |
