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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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conservation
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a conserving, protection from loss or waste - "wise use"
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Three Perspectives of Conservation
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1. Resources only valuable if they have an immediate or forseeable economic value
2. Desire to utilize resource sustainability 3. Man does not = God. Other forms of life have the right to exist on earth |
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View #1 - Resources only valuable if they have immediate effect
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-concerned with market value
-largely promoted by extractive industries |
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View #2 Concerns
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-resource conservation ethic
- promoted by gifford pinchot |
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Gifford Pinchot
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First head of the U.S. Forest Service
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View #3 Concerns
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-Purely moral and ethic grounds
- Preservation ethic - intrinsic values of resources - Promoted by John Muir |
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John Muir
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Founder of sierra club
Started view #3 of conservation |
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Bush meat; country meat; subsistence hunting
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Species hunted for food
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Commodity market
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Species hunted for their products (hides, medicine, trinkets, etc.)
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Non-consumptive resources
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Wildlife that is utilized WITHOUT being harvested.
Aestheticuses - whale/bird watching, photography, economic importance |
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keystone species
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central to functioning of ecosystem - otherwise loss of biodiversity
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indicator species
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indicates the health of an ecosystem
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flagship species
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charismatic megafauna
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umbrella species
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save these, you save everything else in the region/ecosystem
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Aldo Leopold
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"Game management" (1933)
Wrote A Sand County Almanac |
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How much of the world's population does the US make up?
How much do we consume? |
5%
Consumes 25% of world's natural resources |
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How much of the world's population does the US make up?
How much do we consume? |
5%
Consumes 25% of world's natural resources |
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"The greatest good for the greatest number of people for the longest time."
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Quote by Gifford Pinchot
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the green agenda
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protect the earth's ecosystems and other non-human life
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the brown agenda
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refers to taking care of people and especially dealing with major social and health issues of the rapidly expanding population of the urban poor
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Internation Union for Conservation of Nature - IUCN
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Sustainable Use Specialist Group
Sustainability- goes to roots of organized human society |
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Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
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Article 10 - sustainable use and development
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Species Diversity
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all the species on Earth
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Genetic Diversity
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the genetic variation with species
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Ecosystem diversity
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the different biological communities and their associations
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Morphological Biodiversity
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a group of individuals that are morphologically, physiologically, or biochemically distinct from other groups in some important charactertics
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Biological Biodiversity
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group if individuals that can potentially breed with each other in the wild, produce fertile offspring, and don't breed with other groups.
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speciation
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the process by which one species evolves into one or more new species
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sympatric vs allopatric
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sym - overlap
allo- geographically separate |
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Three spatial scales where richness is measured
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alpha: local, specific location
gamma: larger scales, like across continents. Can use to compare countries. beta: links both gamma and alpha. Rate of change of species composition across gradients. |
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Species richness is higher in __________ habitats
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diverse
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What is latitudinal diversity?
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more species found near the equator and declining as one goes north and south.
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Gulf of California:
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Represents 0.008% of world's seas
34 species of marine mammals High # of endemics Supports about 530 bird species 800 islands- large # of endemics |
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Direct economic benefits:
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ex: medicine - 1/4 come from plants/microorganisms
food: wheat, rice, corn - became primary food resources |
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Indirect economic benefits
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o2 production, maintenance of soil, checks and balances of predators, minimizes erosion, pollination, water purification, existence, option, recreation, and tourism
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