Conservation Energy Review P1

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A stretched rubber band has

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potential energy.

Front 2

Potential energy

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is stored energy

Front 3

Mechanical potential energy example: Water behind a dam has potential energy because

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it can fall down the dam.

Front 4

Kinetic energy

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is related to the position of an object.

Front 5

Mechanical Kinetic energy example: A moving car has

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kinetic energy.

Front 6

Kinetic energy

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is the energy an object has due to its motion.

Front 7

Mechanical kinetic energy

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increases as an object moves faster.

Front 8

If the car moves faster, it has more what kind of energy

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kinetic energy.

Front 9

Heat energy

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is the transfer of thermal energy (energy that is associated with the motion of the particles of a substance).

Front 10

Material (wood, candle wax) that is burning, the Sun, and electricity are

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sources of heat energy

Front 11

Solar energy

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is the energy from the Sun, which provides heat and light energy for Earth.

Front 12

Solar cells can be used to convert

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solar energy to electrical energy.

Front 13

Green plants use solar energy during photosynthesis to produce

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sugar, which contains stored chemical energy.

Front 14

Most of the energy that we use on Earth originally came from

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the Sun.

Front 15

Chemical energy

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is energy stored in particles of matter.

Front 16

Chemical energy can be released,

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for example in batteries or sugar/food, when these particles react to form new substances.

Front 17

Electrical energy

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is the energy flowing in an electric circuit.

Front 18

Sources of electrical energy include:

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stored chemical energy in batteries; solar energy in solar cells; fuels or hydroelectric energy in generators.

Front 19

Green plants transform

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the Sun’s energy into food which is a form of stored chemical energy.

Front 20

Animals use chemical energy from food

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to move.

Front 21

The chemical energy in the food is transformed to

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mechanical energy.

Front 22

The heat energy from fuels can be transformed to

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electrical energy at a power plant.

Front 23

In an electric circuit the electrical energy can be transformed into many different types of energy such as

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mechanical, sound, light, and heat.

Front 24

Surrounding a magnet is a

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magnetic field that applies a force, a push or pull, without actually touching an object.

Front 25

An electric current flowing through a wire wrapped around an iron core forms

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a magnet.

Front 26

A coil of wire spinning around a magnet or a magnet spinning around a coil of wire can form

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an electric current.

Front 27

An electromagnet is formed when a wire in an electric circuit is wrapped around an iron core producing a

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magnetic field.

Front 28

The magnet that results loses its magnetism if the electric current

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stops flowing.

Front 29

A generator

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produces an electric current when a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core is rotated near a magnet.

Front 30

Generators at power plants produce

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electric energy for our homes.

Front 31

A generator contains coils of wire that are stationary, and rotating magnets are rotated by

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turbines.

Front 32

Turbines

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are huge wheels that rotate when pushed by water, wind, or steam.

Front 33

Mechanical energy is changed to electrical energy by a

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generator.

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Smaller generators may be powered by

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gasoline.

Front 35

An electric motor changes electrical energy to

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mechanical energy.

Front 36

When an electric current flows through the wire in the electromagnet,

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a magnetic field is produced in the coil.

Front 37

Like poles of the magnets

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repel

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Unlike poles of the magnets

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attract.

Front 39

Electrical energy can be transformed to

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light, sound, heat, and mechanical motion in an electric circuit.

Front 40

Conduction

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involves objects in direct contact.

Front 41

Energy transfer as heat can occur in three ways:

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Conduction, Convection, Radiation

Front 42

The transfer of energy as heat occurs between particles as

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they collide within a substance or between two objects in contact.

Front 43

True or False All materials do not conduct heat energy equally well

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True

Front 44

Poor conductors of heat are called

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insulators.

Front 45

The energy transfers from an area of higher temperature to an area of

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lower temperature.

Front 46

Ιf a plastic spoon and a metal spoon are placed into a hot liquid, the handle of the metal spoon will get hot

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quicker than the handle of the plastic spoon

Front 47

Heat is conducted through the metal spoon better than through the

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plastic spoon.

Front 48

Convection

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is the transfer of energy as heat by movement of the heated substance itself, as currents in fluids (liquids and gases).

Front 49

In convection, particles with higher energy move from one location to another

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carrying their energy with them.

Front 50

Heat transfer occurs when particles with higher energy move from warmer to

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cooler parts of the fluid. Uneven heating can result in convection, both in the air and in water.

Front 51

Radiation

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is the transfer of energy through space without particles of matter colliding or moving to transfer the energy.

Front 52

This radiated energy

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warms an object when it is absorbed.

Front 53

Radiant heat energy

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moves from an area of higher temperature to an area of cooler temperature.