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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 5 consequences of body dissatisfaction?
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dieting, exercise, self esteem, cosmetic surgery and eating disorders.
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What is the most common response to feeling fat?
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dieting.
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What is dieting?
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an intentional and sustained food restriction for the purpose of loosing or maintaing weight.
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How many women can be found to be dieting at any one time?
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40%, higher in some subcultures.
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Do diets work?
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no, they might in the short term but in the long term by the end of 2 yrs 90% of dieters have regained the lost weight.
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Who devised restraint theory?
What is it? |
Dr Polivy after observing the starving and then stuffing behaviour of young college girls. Its a theory for understanding dieting behaviour - in particular unsucessful dieting behaviour.
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What happened in Polivy's study when dieters were given a preload of milkshakes and then asked to taste test icecream?
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non dieters ate some icecream, but the restricted eaters ate lots of icecream.
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What is this effect called?
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the "what the hell effect'.
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How does Polivy explain the lack of restraint in dieters?
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That dieters replace their physiological boundary of hunger with a cognitive one. Once they break this boundary they overeat and enjoy it!
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What are some problems with restraint theory?
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it doesn't account for anorexics, vegetarians an it also doesn't account for successful dieters.
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In polivys' second experiment where lo -cal and high cal preloads were given to dieters what did they find?
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if the dieters knew it was a lo cal preload they stuck to their diet, if high cal they overate.
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When do dieters not overeat?
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when they have not broken their diet, when someone is watching them, when they are made aware of their eating.
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When do dieters overeat?
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Apart from being forced to break their diet by a preload, when they are anxious, drunk, etc.
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Which sex turns to exercisse in order to lose or maintain weight?
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men.
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What are some of the benefits of exercise?
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cardio health, lower stress levels, relieves depression
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When is there a negative relationship between exercise and self esteem?
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When exercise is done for the wrong reasons! Too much exercise, rigid programs and the motive of weight loss all have negative effects.
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Has cosmetic surgery become normalised?
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Yes. A study in Aus found that 70% of women said they would have cosmetic surgery if they could afford it.
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Do cosmetic surgery participants have higher body dis than normals?
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Yes, higher body dis beforehand, and then afterwards, they are more satisfied with the body part but not their overall body.
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What does cosmetic surgery make us all think?
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it increases general body diss in EVERYONE by making it seem as though we can and should fix any thing that is not ideal.
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What is the relationship between body dis and self esteem in women and men?
What is the problem with this relationship? |
Negatively related to self esteem in both genders but more so in women. BUT this is a correlation, so causal direction is not known.
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As women are gaining more respect in occupations etc has this relationship changed?
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No, even though women are being looked on as more than just bodies, appearance is still very important. You have to be smart and pretty. Ie Barbie for President.
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In the longitudinal study of 242 young girls what was found?
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that after controlling for the time 1 variables, the researchers found that body diss was antecedent to self esteem in girls aged 15 yrs. Body dis was not related to self esteem at 13, but was by 15, especially in girls who were heavier.
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What did Stice's metaanalysis of body diss and its relationship to eating disorders find in 2002?
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that body dis was one of the most consistent and robust risk factors in the development of an eating diorder, although this is not a simple relationship - other factors play a role as not all who have body dis will dev an eating disorder.
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