Connective Tissue

Front 1

Examples of Adipose Loose Connective Tisse

Back 1

hypodermis, mesenteries, omenta, kidneys

Front 2

Eg. of Reticular connective tissue

Back 2

of framework bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes

Front 3

Eg. of Pigmented Loose CT

Back 3

chroid layer of eye

Front 4

Eg. of lamnia propria

Back 4

mucosa of digestive, respirtory, urinary, and genital tracts

Front 5

What germ layer is most connective tissue derived from? What is the Intermediate filament?

Back 5

Mesodermal mesenchyme. Intermediate filament= vimentin

some CT in head is from ectoderm

Front 6

Eg. General Loose CT- Areolar (fills spaces in body)

Back 6

superficial fascia and embedding medium of many structures

Front 7

4 Eg. of Regular Collgenous CT and purpose
(arrangement in parallel bundles intersperced with fibroblasts)

Back 7

tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses, deep fascia. For trasmitting mechanical force

Front 8

6 Eg. of Dense Irregular Collgenous CT
(complex woven pattern)

Back 8

reticular layer of dermis, capsules of organs, dura mater, periostem, perichondrium and , septa and trabeculae of organs- resists tensil stress

Front 9

Dense elastic CT

Back 9

Vocal cords, ligamentum nuchae and flava

Front 10

Musous CT- what is it made of and give examples

Back 10

hyaluronic acid
eg. nucleus pulposus

Front 11

Function of Intermediate Filaments

Back 11

Tensile Strenght (toughest of cytoskeletal filaments)- they are rope like, 10nm diameter. Located all thorugh cell, cell periph, and anchored to cell-cell jxns. Fibrous proteins and non energy for polymerization

Front 12

IF for epithelial cells and derivatives (hair and nails)

Back 12

keratins- in cytoplasm

Front 13

IF of mesenchymal origin (mesoderm)

Back 13

vimentin and vimentin-like filaments (cytoplasm)

Front 14

IF of muscle cells

Back 14

Desmin- cytoplasm

Front 15

IF of Glila cells eg. astrocytes, Schwann cells

Back 15

Glial fibrillary acidic protein or GFAP

Front 16

IF of Neurons

Back 16

Neurofilaments (NF-L, NF-M, NF-H) - cytoplasm

Front 17

All nucleated cells contain this IF

Back 17

Lamin (A, B, C)-Lattice/mesh rather than rope like. Located in the inner side of the inner nuclear membrane

Front 18

What are the three macromolecules that compose the extracellular matrix? What is their function?

Back 18

1. glycoaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans- gel like resist force
2. Adhesive glycoproteins -bridge fibrous proteins and cells
3. Fibrous proteins- elastin-resiliency and collagen-strenght
(1 &2 are components of the ground substance)

Front 19

What are glycosaminoglycans? What are their characteristics?

Back 19

Long, inflexable unbranched, polysaccharide chains w/repeating disaccharide units . Most are sulfated and negatively charged, which makes them attract Na and H2O follows. This assists in the resistance to force and compression. When GAGs are covalently linked to proteins they are called proteoglycans

Front 20

What is the function and distribulton of

Haluronic acid?

Back 20

Resists compressive forces in tissues and joints.
Found in tissues and fluids, loose CT, skin, vitreous, and snovial fluid, and cartilage

Front 21

GAG Chondroitin Sulfate
Location and function

Back 21

Hyline and elastic cartilage, bone

Mechanical support

Front 22

GAG Dermatan sulfate
Location and function

Back 22

Dermis, tendons, ligaments, heart valves, epineurim (nerves), arteries, organ capsules, sclera, and fibrocartilage

Binds to type I collagen fibers

Front 23

GAG Keratan sulfate
Location and function

Back 23

Bone, cartilage, cornea

Mechanical support

Front 24

GAG Herparan sulfate
Location and function

Back 24

Fibroblast and epithelial cell surface, basal and external laminae

Cell adhesion; binds FGF, filtering and structural fxn of basal laminae

Front 25

Proteoglycan Aggrecan

What are the GAGs that make them up and how do they promote cell adhesion?

Back 25

Keratan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate

Cartilage

Front 26

Proteoglycan Perlecan

What GAG makes it up and how does it express cellular adhesion?

Back 26

Heparan sulfate

Composes Lamina Rara in all cells making basal lamina (epithelial, muscle, and nerve)

Front 27

Glycoproteins have the ablilty to help cells adhere to extracellular matrix by binding to the cell surface via?

Back 27

Integrins (at RDG sequence), collagen fibers, and proteoglycans

Front 28

Glycoprotein Fibronectin
Location and function

Back 28

extracellular structures- cell surface, basal laminae, and external laminae

Cell adhesion to integrins, Collagen I, II, IV

Front 29

Glycoprotein Laminin
Location and function

Back 29

Basal and extermal lamina of muscles

Bind to Type IV Collagen and herparan sulfate

Front 30

Glycoprotein Entactin
Location and function

Back 30

Basal laminae

Bind to Laminin and Type IV Collagen