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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the five congenital acquired cyanotic heart lesions.
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Remember: "12345"
1. Truncus arteriosus (ONE arterial vessel overrides ventricles) 2. Transposition of the great vessels (two arteries are switched) 3. Tricusid atresia 4. Tetralogy of Fallot 5. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (FIVE words) |
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
Most common cyanotic lesion presenting in the first 2 weeks of life |
Transposition of the great vessels
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
"Bootshaped heart" and decreased pulmonary vascular markings on CXR |
Tetralogy of fallot
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
Cardiomegaly and an "egg-shaped silhouette" on CXR |
Transposition of the great vessels
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
Treatment consists of arterial switch performed in the first 2 weeks of life |
Transposition of the great vessels (left ventricle will decompensate if procedure is delayed longer than 2 weeks)
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
Cardiac defect wherein pulmonary venous blood is directed to the right atrium (RA) |
Total anomalous pulmonary venous returm
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Name the cyanotic heart lesion described below:
Increased right ventricular outflow obstruction that causes cyanosis by increasing right to left shunting |
Tetralogy of Fallot (tet spells)
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What physiologic, musical murmur is often present in young children?
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Still's murmur
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Name the four defects in tetraology of Fallot.
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"PROVe"
1. Pulmonic stenosis 2. Right ventricular hypertrophy 3. Overriding aorta 4. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) |
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What congenital heart lesion is defined as tricuspid valve displacement into the right ventricle?
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Ebstein anomaly
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Which maternally ingested drug is associated with Ebstein anomaly?
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Lithium
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Name three congenital acyanotic heart lesions.
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1. VSD
2. ASD (Atrial septal defect) 3. PDA (patent ductus arteriosus All with letter "D" |
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What is the most common congenital heart defect?
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Ventricular septal defect
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What is the feared complication of a large, untreated VSD?
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Eisenmenger syndrome
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What results from a deficiency of the endocardial cusion?
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Atrioventricular (AV) canal defect - ostium primum ASD and inlet VSD
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What congenital infection is assoicated with a PDA?
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RubellA -> PDA
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What is the mode of inheritance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
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Autosomal dominant
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What is the clinical triad of hypertrophic cardiomyotpathy?
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Chest pain, dyspnea on exertion, and syncope (common cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes)
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What are the most common causes of sinus tachycardia?
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Fever, dehydation, exercise, and anemia
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Name the key ECG manifestation of Wolfff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
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Delta wave (caused by preexcitation of the ventricle via the bypass tract)
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Which antiarrhythmic drug is contraindicated in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
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Digoxin (by slowing the AV node, a bypass tract can repolarize and potentially create an atrial tachyarrhythmia), use beta-blocker instead
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