Concepts Of Biology-Ch.7

Front 1

Aerobic Respiration

Back 1

Oxygen-dependent pathway of ATP formation in which glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in several steps, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transfer phosphorylation. Typical net yield: 36 ATP.

Front 2

Electron Transport Chain

Back 2

Array of membrane-bound enzymes and other molecules that accept and give up electrons in sequence; allows the release and capture of energy in small, useful increments.

Front 3

Glycolysis

Back 3

Breakdown of glucose to two pyruvate molecules. First stage of aerobic respiration and fermentation.

Front 4

Krebs Cycle

Back 4

The second stage of aerobic respiration in which pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide and water. Two ATP form. Occurs only in mitochondria.

Front 5

Alcoholic Fermentation

Back 5

Anaerobic ATP-forming pathway. NADH transfers electrons to acetaldehyde, forming ethanol. Reactions start with pyruvate from glycolysis and regenerate NAD+. Net yield: 2 ATP.

Front 6

Lactate Fermentation

Back 6

Anaerobic pathway of ATP formation. Pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to three-carbon lactate, and NAD+ is regenerated. Net energy yield: 2 ATP.