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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of the Integumentary System |
Protection, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, sensory perception, excretory organ, formation of vitamin D |
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Epidermis |
Outermost superficial layer, stratified squamos keratinized, composed of several layers or strata containing keratinocytes |
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Dermis |
Middle region |
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Subcutaneous |
Deepest region, not a part of the skin, absorbs shock, prevents heat loss from body, insulates the deep body structures, common site of injection because little blood flow in fatty tissue and substances absorbed more slowly |
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Avascular |
obtains nutrients from the dermis |
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Stratum corneum |
Outermost layer of the epidermis, dead cells contain keratin, cells sloughed from surface and continually replaced from deeper layers, thickest on palms, heels, and feet |
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Stratum basale |
deepest layer of epidermis firmly attached to dermis, contains melanocytes, contains stem cells from which all new epidermal cells are replaced |
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Melanocytes |
produce the pigment melanin, skin color- the more active the melanocytes the darker the skin, melanin absorbs ultraviolet radiation and protects against DNA damage |
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Thick skin |
All 5 layers, stratum lucidum |
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Thin skin |
All 4 layers, does not contain stratum lucidum |
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1st degree burn |
Only the outer layers of the epidermis damaged, symptoms include localized redness, swelling, and pain, heals in 2-7 days, sunburn |
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2nd degree burn |
Epidermis and papillary layer of dermis are damaged, symptoms mimic 1st degree burns, but fluid filled blisters also appear, heals in 3-4 weeks |
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3rd degree burn |
Epidermis and all of dermis are damaged, burned area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black, no initial edema or pain, fluid loss is great, grafting often necessary in larger burns |
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4th degree burn |
Extends through entire integument into underlying tendons, ligaments, muscle, and bone, black, charred or leathery gray appearance, amputation of appendages often required, very challenging to survive |
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Papillary layer (part of the dermis) |
composed of areolar CT, contains capillaries to nourish epidermis |
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Reticular layer (part of the dermis) |
composed of dense irregular CT, collagen and elastic fibers give skin strength and elastic recoil |
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Merocrine sweat gland |
palms, soles of the feet, and forehead, water like sweat |
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Apocrine sweat gland |
axillary and genital areas, sweat contains fat and protein leading to the body odor |
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Sebaceous gland |
secrete oil, most commonly found on face, neck, and trunk, not present on palms or soles, softens and lubricates hair and skin, controlled by hormones and become active during puberty |
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Hair follicle |
tube surrounding hair root |
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shaft |
superficial portion of the hair |
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Hair papilla |
indentation of hair bulb containing blood vessels |
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Arrector pili |
bundle of smooth muscle cells |
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Messner's Corpuscle |
superficial part of the dermis, touch, tickle |
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Bare nerve endings |
pain, heat, cold |
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Pacinian corpuscle |
larger and deeper in dermis/hypodermis, pressure |
