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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is computer literacy
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Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses
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Where are computers in our daily life
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Everywhere
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What two things does a computer do with data
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Accepts data, then processes data into information.
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What is data
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Raw facts, figures, adn symbols
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What is information
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data that is organized, meaningful,and useful
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Once the data is turned into information, the computer does what
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Produces and stores the results
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List the five parts to the information processing cycle
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Input, process, output,storage,communication
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List some examples of data
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text, pictures, numbers, audio, and video
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What is an input device
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any hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.
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What is a user
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anyone who communicates with a computer or utilizes the information it generates.
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What are the five advantages of using computers
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Speed,reliability,consistency,storage,communications
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Why are computers so fast
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operations occur through electronic circuits. Data flows along the circuits at incredible speeds.
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How many operations are processed in a single second
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billions or trillions
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Why are computers reliable
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The electronic components in computers are dependable and reliable because they rarely break or fail
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Why are computers consistent
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Given the same input, a computer will produce the same results consistently. Computers generate error free results, provided the input is correct.
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Why are computers good sources for storage
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They can store enormous amounts of data and make the data available for processing at any time
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Why are computers good to communicate with
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They can communicate with other computers and allow users to communicate with each other.
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What are four disadvantages of using computers
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Violate privacy,impact on labor force,health risks,impact on environment
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Computers violate privacy because...
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people can have their identities stolen and privacy violated if their data isnt stored protectively.
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Computers impact the labor force because...
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computers take some of the jobs that people used to do.
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Computers create health risks because...
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incorrect typing posture and lack of work breaks can be risks to your health
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Computers impact the environment because...
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they depleate natural resources adn pollute the environment.
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computers process________into________
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data,information or input, output
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What is the information processing cycle
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series of input, process, output, and storage activities
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What has recently become an essential element to the information processing cycle
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communications
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What is hardware
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electric,electronic,and mechanical components
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What do some of these components in hardware include
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input devices, output devices,a system unit, storage devices, and communications devices
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Imput device
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hardware component that allows you to enter data and instrictions into a computer.
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Name 6 imput devices
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mouse , keyboard, microphone, scanner, digital camera, dn PC video camera
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Keyboard
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contains keys you press to enter information
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What imput devise is defined as s small handheld device that you control movement of a small symbol on the screen with
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mouse
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name of the symbol on the screen that selects options
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pointer
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What does a microphone allow the speaker to do
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speak into the computer to enter data and instructions.
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purpose of a scanner
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converts printed material into a form that the computer can use.
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digital camera
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take pictures and transfer the images onto the computer or printer instead of on film
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PC video camera
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digiatal video camera that allows users to create a movie or take still photographs electronically.
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What is an output device
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any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
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three output devices
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printer, monitor, speakers
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purpose of a printer
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produces text adn graphics on a physical medium such as paper
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purpose of a monitor
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displays textgraphics,and videos on a screen
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purpose of speakers
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allow you to hear music,voice,and other audio sounds
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what is a system unit
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case that contains electronic components of the computer that are used to process data.
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What is the circuitry of the system unit connected to or part of
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the motherboard
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Two main components on the mother board
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the processor and the memory
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What is another name for the processer
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the CPU
Or the central processing unit |
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What does the CPU do
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interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
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what does the memory do
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store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions.
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How long does memory keep data
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temporarily usually, contents are erased whtn the computer is shut off.
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what do storage devices hold
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data, instructions, adn infromation
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How long does storage hold items
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permanately
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What is storage media
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what the computer keeps information and data on
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Examples of storage media
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floppy disks,cds,usb flash drives,dvds,and memory cards
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what is a storage device
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records or writes and or retrieves or reads items to and from the storage media
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What do storage devices often function as
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imput devices
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why are storage devices also imput devices
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they transfer items form storge to memory
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floppy disk
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thin, circular disk enclosed in a hard plastic shell
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how much information can be stored on a floppy
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1.4 million characters
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where do you put the floppy
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floppy disk drive
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USB flash drive
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small portable storage device with more storage than a floppy
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Hard disk
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more storage than floppy and usb flash. Enclosed in an airtight,sealed case.
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Where are most hard disks stored
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inside the system unit
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how much information can hard disks hold
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80 billion characters
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compact disc
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flat, round, portable metal disc with plastic coating.
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two types of compact discs
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cd rom and dvd rom
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how much space does a dvd have
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enough for 2 full length movies
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Can you access a dvd in a cd rom drive
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no, only dvd drive
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Memory cards
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transfer stored items from the card onto a computer or printer
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communication device
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hardware component that enables a computer to send and received data to and from one or more computers
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What is a widely used communications device
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modem
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how can communication occur
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over wires, cables, satellites,etc.
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What is a network
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collection of computers adn devices commected together via communications devices and transmission midia.
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When is a computer online
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when it connects to a network
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Networks allow what that saves money and time
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sharing resources, hardware, software, data,and information
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What is the internet
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is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, adn individuals
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How many people around the world use the internet
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more than one billion
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reasons for the internet
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communicate adn meet people,access lots of news findings,ship, bank,take classes, entertainment
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Access providers
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offer access to the internet free or for a charge
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When using an access provider you can do what
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use your computer adn a modem to connect to the many services of the internet
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Web
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short for world wide web, one of the most popular services ont eh In
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What does the web contain
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billions of documents called web pages
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Web page
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contain text, graphics, audio, adn video.
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What are the built in conections on web pages called
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links
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Who can make a web site
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anyone
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Software
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series of instructions that tells the computer what to do ad how to do it.
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another name for software is...
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program
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How do you interact with a program
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throught the user interface, or graphical user interface
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What is a GUI
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you interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images suc as icons
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Icon
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miniature image that represents a prgroam, adn instruction, or some other object
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two categories of software
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system software, application software
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system software
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consists of the programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices.
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System software serves as the interface between____adn ____adn _____.
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user,application softwar,and the computer's hardware
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two types of system software
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utility programs adn operating system
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Operating System
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set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices
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operating system provides means for users to do what
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communicate with the computer adn other software
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example of an operating system
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windows xp
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When a user starts the computer parts of the operating system load onto the_____from the _______ _______.
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memory, hard disk
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how long is the operating system in the memory
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only while the computer is on
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Utility program
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allows user to perform maintenance type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.
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Can you buy utility programs
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yes
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Application software
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programs designed to make users more productive and assist them with personal tasks
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Widely used application software
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web browser
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web browser
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allows those with a connection to view web pages.
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types of popular application software
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word processing, spreadsheet,database,presentation graphics
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Installing
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setting up software to work with the computer,printer, adn other hardware components
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How do you install
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insert the program disk,the computer copies info onto the hard disk,then run the program
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Run
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use program
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How does the computer run a program
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computer loads the program,and the program is copied from the storage to memory, once in memory the computer can carry out the program
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Execute
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carry out the instructions in the program
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Programmer
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someone who develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.
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Popular programming languages
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C++, C#, Visual basic.NET, JavaScript, Java
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6 categories of computers
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personal,mobile,mobile devices,midrange servers,mainframes,supercomputers, embedded computers
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what consitutes what kind of computer something is
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size, speed, processing power, price
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personal computer
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can perform all of its imput, processing,output,adn storage activities by itself
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What does a pc contain
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input, output, storage devices, memory, processor
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two popular personal computers
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pc adn apple
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How are they different
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use different operating systems
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two types of personal computers
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desktop and notebook
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desktop computer
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everything fits on or under a desk or table
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mobile computer
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personal computer you can carry from place to place
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most popular mobile device is...
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notebook computer
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notebook/laptop
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portable, personal computer designed to fit on your lap
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How do these laptops operate
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on battery, or power supply or both
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Tablet PC
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notebook that allows you to write on the screen using a digital pen.
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mobile device
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handheld, store programs on memory or on system units,some are internet enabled
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examples of mobile devices
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smart phone, smart watch, pda
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handheld computer/handtop computer
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computer small enough to fit in one hand
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PDA personal digital assistant
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provides personal organizer systems
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stylus
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primary input device that looks like a small ballpoint pen.
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smart phone
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internet enabled phone that also provides pda capabilities
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another name for smart phones and pda's
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handhelds
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smart watch
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internet enables watch
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midrange server
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more powerful and larger than a desktop. support hundreds of computers at the same time
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access a midrange server with
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personal computer or terminal
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terminal
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device with a monitor,keyboard,memory
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mainframe
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large,expensive computer that handles thousands of connected users at the same time
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What percent of transactions do mainframes process
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83
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supercomputers
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fastest,most powerful,most expensive computer.
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how many instructions can a supercomputer process in a second
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100 trillion
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embedded computers
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special purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.
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home user
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family member
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small office/home office
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office with less than 50 people or a home office
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mobile users
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work on computer while away from a main office or school
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power user
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requires the capabilities fo a powerful desktop computer called a workstation.
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large business user
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person in a large business
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enterprise computing
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huge network of computers that meet diverse computing needs
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Telecommunicating
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work arrangement in which employees work away from a company's standard workplace and communicate to office through computer
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